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The site was identified as internationally important for bird conservation in 2009 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('key species') at the site:

Species	Red List	Season (year/s of estimate)	Size	IBA criteria
Hawaiian Goose Branta sandvicensis	NT	breeding (2007)	50 individuals	A1, A2, A4i
Hawaiian Duck Anas wyvilliana	VU	breeding (1994)	251 individuals	A1, A2, A4i
Hawaiian Coot Fulica alai	NT	breeding (1997)	513 individuals	A1, A2, A4i
Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus	LC	breeding (1993)	171 individuals	A4i

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2009. The most recent assessment (2009) is shown below.

Pressure (threats to the key species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Invasive and other problematic species and genes	happen­ing now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow deteri­oration (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Climate change and severe weather	likely in long term (beyond 4 years)	whole popul­ation/area (>90%)	slow deteri­oration (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Pollution	happen­ing now	few individ­uals/small area (<10%)	slow deteri­oration (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	low

Response (conservation actions taken for the key species and/or their habitats)
Designation	Planning	Action	Result
Some of site covered (10–49%)	No manage­ment plan exists, but the manage­ment planning process has begun	Substantive conservation measures are being implemented, but these are not comprehensive and are limited by resources and capacity	low

Year	Protected Area	Designation (management category)	% coverage of IBA
-	Hanalei	National Wildlife Refuge (IV)	100

Land use	% of IBA
nature conservation and research	80
agriculture	20

All of the 917 acres (371 hectares) comprising Hanalei National Wildlife Refuge is owned by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. A portion of the refuge, 186 acres (75 hectares), is farmed for taro under a special use permit.

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2025) Important Bird Area factsheet: Hanalei National Wildlife Refuge (USA). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/hanalei-national-wildlife-refuge-iba-usa on 08/01/2025.