• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Map
• Reference and further resources

The site was identified as important in 2011 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Black Stork Ciconia nigra	LC	breeding	2011	min 5 breeding pairs	B1i, C2
Eurasian Eagle-owl Bubo bubo	LC	resident	2004	30-35 breeding pairs	B2, C2, C6
Spanish Imperial Eagle Aquila adalberti	VU	resident	2007	present	B2
Spanish Imperial Eagle Aquila adalberti	VU	non-breeding	2011	present	B2
Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos	LC	resident	2008	7-8 breeding pairs	C6
Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus	LC	breeding	2009	min 60 breeding pairs	B1iii, B2, C2
Red Kite Milvus milvus	LC	resident	2011	min 56 breeding pairs	A1, B2, C1, C6
Black Kite Milvus migrans	LC	breeding	2004	100-110 breeding pairs	B2, C6

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (2011) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2011. The most recent assessment (2007) is shown below.

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Residential and commercial development	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	very rapid to severe deterioration	high
Human intrusions and disturbance	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	very rapid to severe deterioration	high
Natural system modifications	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	very rapid to severe deterioration	high
Pollution	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	very rapid to severe deterioration	high
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Transportation and service corridors	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Biological resource use	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Invasive and other problematic species and genes	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Little/none of site covered (<10%)	A management plan exists but it is out of date or not comprehensive	Very little or no conservation action taking place	low

Year	Protected Area	Designation	% overlap with IBA
1970	Gredos	National Game Reserve	12
1990	Sierra de Gredos	Special Protection Area (Birds Directive)	46
1994	Garganta de los Infiernos	Reserva Natural	4
1996	Sierra de Gredos	Parque Regional	47
1997	Sierra De Gredos	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	46
1997	Sierra de Gredos y Valle del Jerte	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	25
1997	Río Tietar	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	<1
1998	Candelario	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	4
1998	Pinar De Hoyocasero	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	<1
2000	Candelario - ZEPA	Special Protection Area (Birds Directive)	4
2000	Riberas Del Río Alberche y Afluentes	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	<1
2000	Ríos Alagon y Jerte	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	<1
2000	Riberas Del Río Tormes y Afluentes	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	<1
2001	Castaño de la Escarpia	Árbol Singular	-
2004	Río y Pinares del Tietar	Special Protection Area (Birds Directive)	<1
2004	Abedular del Puerto de Honduras	Árbol Singular	<1
2004	Roble de Prado Sancho	Árbol Singular	-
2006	Las Sierras de Béjar y Francia	UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve	-
2014	Roble del Saltadero	Árbol Singular	-
2014	Tejos de Escobarejo	Árbol Singular	<1
2015	Castañar de Gallego	Paisaje Protegido	<1

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Forest	Broadleaved deciduous woodland, Native coniferous woodland, Mixed woodland, Alluvial and very wet forest, Broadleaved evergreen woodland	40
Shrubland	Scrub	40
Grassland	Alpine, subalpine and boreal grassland, Humid grasslands	15
Artificial/Terrestrial	Highly improved re-seeded landscapes, Arable land, Perennial crops, orchards and groves, Forestry plantations	5
Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks)	Scree & boulders	-
Wetlands (inland)	Standing freshwater, Rivers and streams, Raised bogs	-

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

Land use	% of IBA
forestry	26
hunting	26
water management	-

---

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Gredos and Candelario mountain ranges (Spain). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/gredos-and-candelario-mountain-ranges-iba-spain on 22/11/2024.