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The site was identified as important in 1998 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
White-winged Flufftail Sarothrura ayresi	CR	non-breeding	-	present	A1
Cape Vulture Gyps coprotheres	VU	non-breeding	-	present	A1
Black Harrier Circus maurus	EN	resident	-	present	A1
Bush Blackcap Sylvia nigricapillus	VU	resident	1998	present	A1
Buff-streaked Chat Campicoloides bifasciatus	LC	resident	1998	present	A1

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (1998) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 1998. The most recent assessment (2013) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' habitats)
Habitat	Quantity (% remaining)	Quality (% carrying capacity)	Result
Grassland	good (> 90%)	moderate (70-90%)	near favourable
Wetlands (inland)	moderate (70-90%)	good (> 90%)	near favourable

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Invasive and other problematic species and genes	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Natural system modifications	happening now	whole area/population (>90%)	slow but significant deterioration	high
Biological resource use	likely in long term (beyond 4 years)	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	medium
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Transportation and service corridors	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Pollution	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Residential and commercial development	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	no or imperceptible deterioration	low
Human intrusions and disturbance	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	no or imperceptible deterioration	low

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Whole area of site (>90%) covered by appropriate conservation designation	A comprehensive and appropriate management plan exists that aims to maintain or improve the populations of qualifying bird species	Substantive conservation measures are being implemented but these are not comprehensive and are limited by resources and capacity	high

Year	Protected Area	Designation	% overlap with IBA
1948	Coleford Nature Reserve	Nature Reserve	100
2013	Excelsior Protected Environment	Protected Environment	5

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Forest		85
Shrubland		15
Grassland	Grassland - montane	-
Wetlands (inland)		-

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

Land use	% of IBA
nature conservation and research	100
tourism/recreation	-

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Greater Ingwangwana River (South Africa). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/greater-ingwangwana-river-iba-south-africa on 23/11/2024.