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The site was identified as important in 2011 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Marbled Duck Marmaronetta angustirostris	NT	passage	2009	min 266 individuals	A1, A4i, B1i, C1, C2
Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina	LC	resident	2009	1,229-2,533 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, C3
Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina	LC	winter	2009	1,877-11,346 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata	LC	winter	2009	4,605-26,340 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Gadwall Mareca strepera	LC	winter	2009	1,310-7,700 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Gadwall Mareca strepera	LC	resident	2009	321-486 breeding pairs	B1i, B2, C3
Eurasian Wigeon Mareca penelope	LC	winter	2009	849-7,585 individuals	B1i, B3, C3
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos	LC	winter	2009	29,432-102,607 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos	LC	resident	2009	11,214-12,443 breeding pairs	B1i, C3
Common Teal Anas crecca	LC	winter	2009	6,406-37,704 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus	LC	passage	2009	min 23,212 individuals	A4i, B1i, C2, C6
Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus	LC	winter	2009	5,231-20,152 individuals	A4i, B1i, C2, C6
Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus	LC	resident	2009	3,139-5,560 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Baillon's Crake Zapornia pusilla	LC	resident	1990	50 breeding pairs	B2, C2, C6
Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio	LC	resident	2003	250-500 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, C2, C6
Eurasian Coot Fulica atra	LC	winter	2009	11,034-47,174 individuals	B1i, C3
Eurasian Coot Fulica atra	LC	resident	2009	min 6,362 breeding pairs	B1i, C3
Eurasian Bittern Botaurus stellaris	LC	resident	2009	min 1 breeding pairs	C6
Common Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus	LC	breeding	2006	max 2,000 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax	LC	resident	2006	411-603 breeding pairs	B1i, B2, C2, C6
Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides	LC	breeding	2006	674-1,032 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis	LC	passage	1996	7,000-14,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis	LC	winter	2010	1,507-5,289 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis	LC	resident	2006	3,877-4,005 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, C3
Purple Heron Ardea purpurea	LC	breeding	2006	436-527 breeding pairs	B1i, B2, C2, C6
Little Egret Egretta garzetta	LC	passage	2010	min 3,225 individuals	A4i, B1i, C2, C6
Little Egret Egretta garzetta	LC	winter	2007	848-5,822 individuals	A4i, B1i, C2, C6
Little Egret Egretta garzetta	LC	resident	2006	1,684-2,411 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, C2, C6
Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo	LC	winter	2004	1,228-4,738 individuals	B1i, C3
Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta	LC	resident	2009	141-416 breeding pairs	B1i, C2, C6
Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta	LC	winter	2006	660-1,325 individuals	B1i, C2, C6
Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus	LC	breeding	2005	1,161-2,129 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, C2, C6
Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus	LC	resident	2011	900-1,000 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2
Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus	LC	winter	2005	23-1,046 individuals	B1i, C2
Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa	NT	passage	2010	min 3,791 individuals	A1, B1i, C1, C3
Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa	NT	winter	2010	543-4,797 individuals	A1, A4i, B1i, C1, C3
Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea	VU	passage	2010	present	A4i, B1i, C3
Dunlin Calidris alpina	NT	passage	2010	min 34,801 individuals	A4i, B1i, C2
Dunlin Calidris alpina	NT	winter	2003	8,010-30,534 individuals	A4i, B1i, C2
Little Stint Calidris minuta	LC	passage	2010	min 6,104 individuals	B1i, C3
Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola	LC	breeding	2009	72-162 breeding pairs	B1i, B2, C2, C6
Slender-billed Gull Larus genei	LC	resident	2004-2008	532-750 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus	LC	winter	2008	477-14,652 individuals	A4i, B1i, C2
Audouin's Gull Larus audouinii	VU	winter	2010	max 301 individuals	A1, C1, C6
Audouin's Gull Larus audouinii	VU	passage	2002	min 1,000 individuals	A1, A4i, B1i, C1, C2, C6
Audouin's Gull Larus audouinii	VU	resident	2006-2009	9,762-15,329 breeding pairs	A1, A4i, B1i, B2, C1, C2, C6
Little Tern Sternula albifrons	LC	breeding	2005-2007	max 389 breeding pairs	B1i, B2, C2, C6
Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida	LC	breeding	2008	377-1,112 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Common Tern Sterna hirundo	LC	passage	1996	abundant	B1i, C2, C6
Common Tern Sterna hirundo	LC	breeding	2004-2007	2-5,452 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, C2, C6
Common Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica	LC	breeding	2008	88-731 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis	LC	breeding	2004-2009	482-2,786 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Moustached Warbler Acrocephalus melanopogon	LC	resident	2006	2-3 breeding pairs	C6
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	n/a	breeding	1996	20,000-49,999 breeding pairs	A4iii, C4
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	n/a	passage	1996	20,000-49,999 individuals	A4iii, C4
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	n/a	resident	1996	20,000-49,999 breeding pairs	A4iii, C4
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	n/a	winter	1996	50,000-99,999 individuals	A4iii, C4

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (2011) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2011. The most recent assessment (2016) is shown below.

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Biological resource use	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Invasive and other problematic species and genes	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Pollution	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Transportation and service corridors	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	slow but significant deterioration	high
Human intrusions and disturbance	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	slow but significant deterioration	high
Geological events	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	slow but significant deterioration	high
Climate change and severe weather	likely in short term (within 4 years)	some of area/population (10-49%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	medium
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Residential and commercial development	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Natural system modifications	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Energy production and mining	happening now	small area/few individuals (<10%)	very rapid to severe deterioration	low

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Most of site (50-90%) covered (including the most critical parts for important bird species)	A management plan exists but it is out of date or not comprehensive	Some limited conservation initiatives are in place	low

Year	Protected Area	Designation	% overlap with IBA
1983	Delta de l'Ebre	Nature Park	22
1986	Delta de l`Ebre	Parque Natural	20
1986	Punta de la Banya	Reserva Natural Parcial	7
1986	L`illa de Sapinya	Reserva Natural Parcial	<1
1986	La Banya	Natural Reserve	8
1988	Delta de l'Ebre	Special Protection Area (Birds Directive)	43
1991	Estació biològica el Canal Vell	Reserva Natural de Fauna Salvaje	<1
1992	Delta de l`Ebre	Plan Especial de Protección (PEIN)	38
1992	Punta del Fangar	Reserva Natural de Fauna Salvaje	2
1992	Llacuna de la Tancada	Reserva Natural de Fauna Salvaje	1
1992	Puig de la Banya del Boc	Plan Especial de Protección (PEIN)	-
1993	Delta del Ebro	Ramsar Site, Wetland of International Importance	22
1995	L`illa de Sant Antoni	Reserva Natural de Fauna Salvaje	<1
1997	Delta de l'Ebre	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	38

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable land, Other urban and industrial areas	75
Forest	Alluvial and very wet forest	-
Marine Coastal/Supratidal		-
Marine Intertidal		-
Marine Neritic		-

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

Land use	% of IBA
agriculture	70
hunting	65
nature conservation and research	25
fisheries/aquaculture	-
tourism/recreation	-
urban/industrial/transport	-

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Ebro delta (Spain). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/ebro-delta-iba-spain on 22/11/2024.