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The site was identified as important in 2016 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan	VU	winter	-	1,377 individuals	A1, A4ii, B1ii
Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan	VU	passage	2011-2014	45,530-90,000 individuals	A1, A4ii, B1ii
Black Stork Ciconia nigra	LC	passage	-	8,000 individuals	A4i, B1i
White Stork Ciconia ciconia	LC	passage	-	32,000-338,353 individuals	A4i, B1i
European Shag Gulosus aristotelis	LC	resident	2002	450 individuals	B1i
Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo	LC	winter	-	3,456-10,000 individuals	A4i, B1i
Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus	LC	winter	1999	15,040 individuals	B1i
Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus	LC	passage	2000	14,500 individuals	A4i, B1i
Caspian Gull Larus cachinnans	LC	winter	1999	40,000 individuals	A4i, B1i
A4iv Species group - soaring birds/cranes	n/a	passage	-	92,000 individuals	A4iv, B1iv
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	n/a	winter	-	20,310-22,644 individuals	A4iii

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (2016) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2016. The most recent assessment (2016) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' habitats)
Habitat	Quantity (% remaining)	Quality (% carrying capacity)	Result
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	poor (40-69%)	moderate (70-90%)	very unfavourable
Forest	moderate (70-90%)	moderate (70-90%)	unfavourable

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Residential and commercial development	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	very rapid to severe deterioration	very high
Transportation and service corridors	happening now	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	very rapid to severe deterioration	very high

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Whole area of site (>90%) covered by appropriate conservation designation	A management plan exists but it is out of date or not comprehensive	Substantive conservation measures are being implemented but these are not comprehensive and are limited by resources and capacity	medium

Year	Protected Area	Designation	% overlap with IBA
1978	Sariyer	Game Reserve	3
1983	Bogazici	SIT (Law on Protection of Cultural and Natural Assets No. 2863)	-
1994	Polonezköy	Nature Park	5

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Forest	Mixed woodland, Broadleaved deciduous woodland	60
Artificial/Terrestrial	Other urban and industrial areas, Arable land	30
Marine Neritic		10
Marine Coastal/Supratidal		minor (<10)
Wetlands (inland)	Rivers and streams	minor (<10)

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

Land use	% of IBA
forestry	50
agriculture	15
urban/industrial/transport	15
tourism/recreation	5
military	5
fisheries/aquaculture	minor (<10)
other	minor (<10)

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Bosphorus (Türkiye). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/bosphorus-iba-türkiye on 22/11/2024.