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The site was identified as internationally important for bird conservation in 2016 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List	Season (year/s of estimate)	Size	IBA criteria
Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan	VU	winter (-)	1,377 birds	A1, A4ii, B1ii
Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan	VU	passage (2011–2014)	45,530–90,000 birds	A1, A4ii, B1ii
Black Stork Ciconia nigra	LC	passage (-)	8,000 birds	A4i, B1i
White Stork Ciconia ciconia	LC	passage (-)	32,000–338,353 birds	A4i, B1i
European Shag Gulosus aristotelis	LC	resident (2002)	450 birds	B1i
Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo	LC	winter (-)	3,456–10,000 birds	A4i, B1i
Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus	LC	winter (1999)	15,040 birds	B1i
Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus	LC	passage (2000)	14,500 birds	A4i, B1i
Caspian Gull Larus cachinnans	LC	winter (1999)	40,000 birds	A4i, B1i
A4iv Species group - soaring birds/cranes	n/a	passage (-)	92,000 birds	A4iv, B1iv
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	n/a	winter (-)	20,310–22,644 birds	A4iii

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2016. The most recent assessment (2016) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' habitats)
Habitat	Quantity (% remaining)	Quality (% carrying capacity)	Result
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	poor (40–69%)	moderate (70–90%)	very poor
Forest	moderate (70–90%)	moderate (70–90%)	poor

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Residential and commercial development	happe­ning now	most of popul­ation/area (50–90%)	rapid decline (>30% over 3 gener­ations)	very high
Transportation and service corridors	happe­ning now	most of popul­ation/area (50–90%)	rapid decline (>30% over 3 gener­ations)	very high

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Designation	Planning	Action	Result
Whole area (>90%) covered by appropriate conservation designation	A management plan exists, but it is out of date or not compre­hensive	Substantive conservation measures are being implemented, but these are not compre­hensive and are limited by resources and capacity	medium

Year	Protected Area	Designation (management category)	% coverage of IBA
1978	Sariyer	Game Reserve (-)	3
1983	Bogazici	SIT (Law on Protection of Cultural and Natural Assets No. 2863) (-)	-
1994	Polonezköy	Nature Park (V)	5

Habitat	% of IBA	Habitat detail
Forest	60	Mixed woodland; Broadleaved deciduous woodland
Artificial/Terrestrial	30	Other urban and industrial areas; Arable land
Marine Neritic	10
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	minor (<10)
Wetlands (inland)	minor (<10)	Rivers and streams

Land use	% of IBA
forestry	50
agriculture	15
urban/industrial/transport	15
tourism/recreation	5
military	5
fisheries/aquaculture	minor (<10)
other	minor (<10)

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Bosphorus (Türkiye). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/bosphorus-iba-türkiye on 23/12/2024.