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The site was identified as internationally important for bird conservation in 2009 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List	Season (year/s of estimate)	Size	IBA criteria
Swift Parrot Lathamus discolor	CR	non-breeding (1996–2008)	230–1,100 birds	A1
Flame Robin Petroica phoenicea	LC	non-breeding (1998–2008)	uncommon	A1
Diamond Firetail Stagonopleura guttata	VU	resident (1998–2008)	frequent	A1

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2009. The most recent assessment (2019) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' habitats)
Habitat	Quantity (% remaining)	Quality (% carrying capacity)	Result
Forest	very poor (<40%)	moderate (70–90%)	very poor

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Climate change and severe weather	happe­ning now	whole of popul­ation/area (>90%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	high
Biological resource use	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium
Natural system modifications	happe­ning now	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	no or slight decline (<1% over 3 gener­ations)	low
Pollution	happe­ning now	few indivi­duals/small area (<10%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	low
Human intrusions and disturbance	happe­ning now	few indivi­duals/small area (<10%)	no or slight decline (<1% over 3 gener­ations)	low
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happe­ning now	few indivi­duals/small area (<10%)	no or slight decline (<1% over 3 gener­ations)	low
Invasive and other problematic species and genes	happe­ning now	few indivi­duals/small area (<10%)	no or slight decline (<1% over 3 gener­ations)	low

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Designation	Planning	Action	Result
Some of area covered (10–49%)	No management planning has taken place	Very little or no conservation action taking place	very low

Year	Protected Area	Designation (management category)	% coverage of IBA
1987	Muckleford I136 B.R	Natural Features Reserve (IV)	-
1988	Yandoit K47 SS.R.	Natural Features Reserve (III)	-
1996	Kamarooka	Reference Area (Ia)	<1
1998	Whipstick N.C.R.	Natural Features Reserve (Ia)	<1
2002	Mount Sugarloaf N.C.R.	Natural Features Reserve (Ia)	1
2004	Emu Valley B.R.	Natural Features Reserve (IV)	<1
2005	Nerring I150 B.R	Natural Features Reserve (IV)	<1
2005	Sydney Flat B.R.	Natural Features Reserve (IV)	<1
2005	Axedale B.R.	Natural Features Reserve (IV)	<1
2005	Muckleford I135 B.R.	Natural Features Reserve (IV)	-
2005	Ascot B.R.	Natural Features Reserve (IV)	<1
2006	Greater Bendigo National Park	National Park (II)	17
2006	Rise and Shine B.R.	Natural Features Reserve (IV)	<1
2006	Ellesmere B.R.	Natural Features Reserve (IV)	<1
2006	Sandhurst H90 B.R.	Natural Features Reserve (IV)	<1
2008	Pilchers Bridge N.C.R.	Natural Features Reserve (Ia)	1
2008	Muckleford N.C.R.	Natural Features Reserve (Ia)	1
2010	Shelbourne N.C.R.	Natural Features Reserve (Ia)	2

Habitat	% of IBA	Habitat detail
Forest	major (>10)	Eucalypt woodlands

Land use	% of IBA
nature conservation and research	major (>10)
forestry	major (>10)

Protected areas and state forests are owned and managed by state government; the IBA also contains small areas of private land.

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Bendigo Box-Ironbark Region (Australia). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/bendigo-box-ironbark-region-iba-australia on 23/12/2024.