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The site was identified as important in 2000 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Common Pochard Aythya ferina	VU	winter	1996	5,000-22,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca	NT	breeding	1996	25-100 breeding pairs	A1, B2, C1, C6
Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata	LC	winter	1996	7,000-26,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Eurasian Wigeon Mareca penelope	LC	winter	1996	20,000-50,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Northern Pintail Anas acuta	LC	winter	1996	8,000-15,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Common Teal Anas crecca	LC	winter	1996	8,000-30,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis	LC	winter	1996	900-2,200 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Eurasian Coot Fulica atra	LC	winter	1996	20,000-47,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
White Stork Ciconia ciconia	LC	breeding	1996	70-80 breeding pairs	C6
Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia	LC	breeding	1996	6-10 breeding pairs	B2, C6
Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus	LC	passage	1996	400-1,200 individuals	A4i, B1i, C2
Common Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus	LC	breeding	1996	30-60 breeding pairs	C2, C6
Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax	LC	breeding	1996	50-100 breeding pairs	B2, C6
Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides	LC	breeding	1996	80-150 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Great White Egret Ardea alba	LC	breeding	1996	130-200 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, C2
Little Egret Egretta garzetta	LC	passage	1996	800-1,500 individuals	A4i, B1i, C2
Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus	NT	resident	1996	45-50 breeding pairs	A1, A4i, B1i, B2, C1, C2, C6
Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo	LC	winter	1996	1,200-1,800 individuals	B1i, C3
Eurasian Thick-knee Burhinus oedicnemus	LC	breeding	1996	8-30 breeding pairs	B2, C6
Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus	NT	breeding	1996	8-12 breeding pairs	B1i, C3
Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus	LC	breeding	1996	220-360 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, C2
Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus	LC	winter	1996	600-2,500 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus	LC	resident	1996	300-400 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C3
Slender-billed Curlew Numenius tenuirostris	CR	passage	2000	rare	A1, C1
Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea	VU	passage	1996	2,000-6,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Little Stint Calidris minuta	LC	passage	1996	3,000-8,000 individuals	A4i, B1i, C3
Common Redshank Tringa totanus	LC	winter	1996	800-2,300 individuals	B1i, C3
Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola	LC	breeding	1996	100-160 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Little Tern Sternula albifrons	LC	breeding	1996	400-550 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida	LC	breeding	1997	5-6 breeding pairs	B2, C6
Common Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica	LC	breeding	1996	80-120 breeding pairs	A4i, B1i, B2, C2, C6
Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis	LC	resident	1996	45-90 breeding pairs	C2
Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga	VU	winter	1996	3-4 individuals	A1, C1
Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla	LC	breeding	1996	abundant	B2, C6
A4iii Species group - waterbirds	n/a	winter	1996	100,000-499,999 individuals	A4iii, C4

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (2000) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2000. The most recent assessment (2019) is shown below.

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Biological resource use	happening now	whole area/population (>90%)	very rapid to severe deterioration	very high
Pollution	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium
Agricultural expansion and intensification	happening now	some of area/population (10-49%)	slow but significant deterioration	medium

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Whole area of site (>90%) covered by appropriate conservation designation	No management plan exists but the management planning process has begun	Some limited conservation initiatives are in place	low

Year	Protected Area	Designation	% overlap with IBA
-	Amvrakikos	National Park	100
1975	Amvrakikos gulf	Ramsar Site, Wetland of International Importance	91
1994	Amvrakikos Kolpos; Delta Lourou Kai Arachthou (Petra, Mytikas, Evryteri Periochi, Kato Pous Arachthou, Kampi Filippiadas)	Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)	94
2008	Ethniko Parko Ygrotopon Amvrakikou	Ethniko Parko	87
2008	Ethniko Parko Ygrotopon Amvrakikou - Periochi prostasias tis fysis	Periochi prostasias tis fysis se ethniko parko	62
2008	Ethniko Parko Ygrotopon Amvrakikou (Zoni B: Periochi Eidikon Rythmiseon)	Alla	24
2008	Periochi Perivallontikou Elegchou Ethnikou Parkou Ygrotopon Amvrakikou (Zoni C)	Periferiaki zoni Ethnikou Parkou	12
2008	Ethniko Parko Ygrotopon Amvrakikou (Zoni A-1: Periochi Eidikis Diacheirisis Ydaton)	Alla	2
2010	Amvrakikos Kolpos; Limnothalassa Katafourko Kai Korakonisia	Special Protection Area (Birds Directive)	92

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable land, Perennial crops, orchards and groves, Other urban and industrial areas	20
Grassland	Humid grasslands	5
Marine Neritic		5
Shrubland	Sclerophyllous scrub, garrigue and maquis	5
Marine Coastal/Supratidal		-
Marine Intertidal		-

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

Land use	% of IBA
fisheries/aquaculture	70
water management	70
agriculture	25
tourism/recreation	5
urban/industrial/transport	5
nature conservation and research	-

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Amvrakikos gulf (Greece). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/amvrakikos-gulf-iba-greece on 22/11/2024.