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The site was identified as important in 1998 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List1	Season	Year(s)	Size	IBA criteria
Southern Bald Ibis Geronticus calvus	NT	resident	-	present	A1
Rudd's Lark Heteromirafra ruddi	EN	resident	-	present	A1
Botha's Lark Spizocorys fringillaris	EN	resident	-	present	A1
Yellow-breasted Pipit Hemimacronyx chloris	VU	resident	-	present	A1

1. The current IUCN Red List category. The category at the time of the IBA criteria assessment (1998) may differ.

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 1998. The most recent assessment (2014) is shown below.

State (condition of the trigger species' habitats)
Habitat	Quantity (% remaining)	Quality (% carrying capacity)	Result
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	moderate (70-90%)	moderate (70-90%)	unfavourable

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Climate change and severe weather	likely in short term (within 4 years)	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Pollution	likely in long term (beyond 4 years)	whole area/population (>90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Residential and commercial development	likely in short term (within 4 years)	majority/most of area/population (50-90%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	high
Energy production and mining	likely in short term (within 4 years)	some of area/population (10-49%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	medium
Biological resource use	happening now	small area/few individuals (<10%)	moderate to rapid deterioration	low
Invasive and other problematic species and genes	happening now	small area/few individuals (<10%)	slow but significant deterioration	low
Transportation and service corridors	happening now	small area/few individuals (<10%)	slow but significant deterioration	low
Agricultural expansion and intensification	likely in short term (within 4 years)	some of area/population (10-49%)	no or imperceptible deterioration	low
Human intrusions and disturbance	likely in short term (within 4 years)	small area/few individuals (<10%)	no or imperceptible deterioration	low

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Protected areas	Management plan	Other action	Result
Whole area of site (>90%) covered by appropriate conservation designation	A comprehensive and appropriate management plan exists that aims to maintain or improve the populations of qualifying bird species	Substantive conservation measures are being implemented but these are not comprehensive and are limited by resources and capacity	high

Habitat1	Habitat detail	% of IBA
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable land	major (>10)
Grassland	Grassland - highveld	major (>10)
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine		minor (<10)

1. IUCN Habitat classification.

Land use	% of IBA
nature conservation and research	100
water management	70
agriculture	-
tourism/recreation	-

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Alexpan (South Africa). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/alexpan-iba-south-africa on 22/11/2024.