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The site was identified as internationally important for bird conservation in 2013 because it was regularly supporting significant populations of the species listed below, meeting ('triggering') IBA criteria.

Populations meeting IBA criteria ('trigger species') at the site:

Species	Red List	Season (year/s of estimate)	Size	IBA criteria
Persian Shearwater Puffinus persicus	LC	non-breeding (1993)	100 birds	B1ii, B2
Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia	LC	non-breeding (1985–1986)	20 birds	B1i, B2
Slender-billed Curlew Numenius tenuirostris	CR	winter (1988)	2 birds	A1, A4i, B1i
Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata	NT	winter (1985–1993)	present	A1
Crab-plover Dromas ardeola	LC	passage (1993)	130 birds	B3
Crab-plover Dromas ardeola	LC	winter (1993)	present	B3
White-eyed Gull Larus leucophthalmus	LC	non-breeding (1993)	100 birds	A1, B2
Saunders's Tern Sternula saundersi	LC	breeding (1993)	20 pairs	B3
White-cheeked Tern Sterna repressa	LC	passage (1993)	170 birds	B3

Ideally the conservation status of the IBA will have been checked regularly since the site was first identified in 2013. The most recent assessment (2013) is shown below.

Pressure (threats to the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Threat	Timing	Scope	Severity	Result
Residential and commercial development	likely in long term (>4 years)	some of popul­ation/area (10–49%)	slow decline (1–10% over 3 gener­ations)	medium

Response (conservation actions taken for the trigger species and/or their habitats)
Designation	Planning	Action	Result
Little/none of area covered (<10%)	No management planning has taken place	Not assessed	very low

Habitat	% of IBA	Habitat detail
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	major (>10)
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	minor (<10)
Forest	minor (<10)
Grassland	minor (<10)
Marine Neritic	minor (<10)
Shrubland	minor (<10)

Land use	% of IBA
fisheries/aquaculture	major (>10)
rangeland/pastureland	minor (<10)
urban/industrial/transport	minor (<10)

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Important Bird Area factsheet: Al-Mukha - Al-Khawkhah (Yemen). Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/al-mukha--al-khawkhah-iba-yemen on 23/12/2024.