Family: Spheniscidae (Penguins)

Authority: (Brandt, 1837)

Red List Category

Criteria: A2bce+3bce+4bce

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Justification of Red List category
This species qualifies as Vulnerable because the global population appears to have declined rapidly over the last three generations (37 years). The primary drivers of declines are uncertain but could include climatic variation, at-sea overwinter foraging and competition for food from Antarctic fur seals.

Population size:

Population trend: Decreasing

Extent of occurrence (breeding/resident): 18,700,000 km²

Country endemic: No

Attributes
Land-mass type - shelf island
Land-mass type - oceanic island
Realm - Afrotropical
Realm - Neotropical
Realm - Oceanic
Realm - Antarctic
IUCN Ecosystem -- Marine biome