Family: Laridae (Gulls, Terns, Skimmers)

Authority: Gray, 1831

Red List Category

Criteria: A2bcd+3bcd+4bcd

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Justification of Red List category
This species has been uplisted to Vulnerable on the basis that increasing human disturbance, dam construction, waterbody management, and predation are causing a rapid population decline. Whilst the situation is more concerning in Southeast Asia despite its marginal occurrence here, localised declines also continue to occur across India, of which currently holds the majority of the population. Comprehensive monitoring is however required to limit uncertainty in population trends.

Population size: 20000-70000 mature individuals

Population trend: decreasing

Extent of occurrence (breeding/resident): 9,330,000 km²

Country endemic: no

Attributes
Realm - Indomalayan
Realm - Palearctic
IUCN System - Freshwater
IUCN System - Marine