Pomarine Jaeger (Stercorarius pomarinus) - BirdLife species factsheet

Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus

Current view: Data table and detailed info

Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.
Turbott, E.G. 1990. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand. Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Wellington.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2018	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Species attributes

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

Range

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	95,200,000 km²
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	330,000,000 km²
Severely fragmented?	no	-

Population

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	400000 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2012
Population trend	stable	-	suspected	-
Generation length	13.5 years	-	-	-

Population justification: In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number c.20,000 breeding pairs, equating to c.40,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). Europe forms approximately 10% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is c. 400,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed. National population estimates include: c.1,000 individuals on migration in Taiwan (China); c.50-1,000 individuals on migration and c.50-1,000 wintering individuals in Korea; c.50-10,000 wintering individuals in Japan and c.100-100,000 breeding pairs and c.50-10,000 individuals on migration in Russia (Brazil 2009).

Trend justification: The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats. The European population trend is unknown (BirdLife International 2015).

Country/territory distribution

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Algeria	extant	native
Angola	extant	native
Anguilla (to UK)	extant	uncertain
Antarctica	extant	vagrant
Antigua and Barbuda	extant	native
Argentina	extant	native
Aruba (to Netherlands)	extant	native
Australia	extant	native
Austria	extant	native			yes
Azerbaijan	extant	native		yes	yes
Bahamas	extant	native
Bahrain	extant	native		yes	yes
Barbados	extant	native
Belarus	extant	vagrant
Belgium	extant	native
Belize	extant	native		yes
Benin	extant	uncertain
Bermuda (to UK)	extant	native
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (to Netherlands)	extant	native
Bosnia and Herzegovina	extant	vagrant
Brazil	extant	native
British Indian Ocean Territory	extant	native
Brunei	extant	native
Bulgaria	extant	native		yes
Cambodia	extant	uncertain
Canada	extant	native
Cape Verde	extant	native
Cayman Islands (to UK)	extant	uncertain
Chile	extant	native
China (mainland)	extant	native
Christmas Island (to Australia)	extant	uncertain
Colombia	extant	native
Comoros	extant	uncertain
Congo	extant	vagrant
Costa Rica	extant	native		yes
Côte d'Ivoire	extant	native
Croatia	extant	vagrant
Cuba	extant	native
Curaçao (to Netherlands)	extant	native
Czechia	extant	native
Denmark	extant	native			yes
Djibouti	extant	native
Dominica	extant	native
Dominican Republic	extant	uncertain
Ecuador	extant	native
Egypt	extant	native
El Salvador	extant	uncertain
Equatorial Guinea	extant	uncertain
Eritrea	extant	native
Faroe Islands (to Denmark)	extant	native
Fiji	extant	vagrant		yes
Finland	extant	native
France	extant	native		yes	yes
French Guiana	extant	native
French Southern Territories	extant	uncertain
Gambia	extant	native
Germany	extant	native			yes
Ghana	extant	native
Gibraltar (to UK)	extant	native
Greece	extant	vagrant
Greenland (to Denmark)	extant	native		yes
Grenada	extant	uncertain
Guadeloupe (to France)	extant	native		yes
Guatemala	extant	native
Guinea	extant	uncertain
Guinea-Bissau	extant	vagrant
Guyana	extant	native
Haiti	extant	vagrant
Honduras	extant	uncertain
Hong Kong (China)	extant	vagrant
Hungary	extant	native
Iceland	extant	native
India	extant	native
Indonesia	extant	native
Iran, Islamic Republic of	extant	native		yes	yes
Ireland	extant	native
Israel	extant	native
Italy	extant	native		yes
Jamaica	extant	uncertain
Japan	extant	native
Jordan	extant	vagrant
Kazakhstan	extant	vagrant
Kenya	extant	native
Kiribati	extant	native
Kuwait	extant	native		yes	yes
Latvia	extant	vagrant
Lebanon	extant	native		yes	yes
Liberia	extant	native
Luxembourg	extant	vagrant
Madagascar	extant	uncertain
Malaysia	extant	native
Maldives	extant	native
Malta	extant	native
Marshall Islands	extant	native		yes
Martinique (to France)	extant	native
Mauritania	extant	native
Mexico	extant	native
Micronesia, Federated States of	extant	uncertain
Montenegro	extant	vagrant
Montserrat (to UK)	extant	native
Morocco	extant	native
Mozambique	extant	uncertain
Myanmar	extant	native
Namibia	extant	native
Netherlands	extant	native		yes
New Caledonia (to France)	extant	native
New Zealand	extant	vagrant
Nicaragua	extant	native
Nigeria	extant	native
Norfolk Island (to Australia)	extant	uncertain
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	extant	native		yes
Norway	extant	native	yes
Oman	extant	native		yes	yes
Pakistan	extant	native
Palau	extant	uncertain
Palestine	extant	native			yes
Panama	extant	native
Papua New Guinea	extant	uncertain
Peru	extant	native
Philippines	extant	native
Poland	extant	native
Portugal	extant	native
Puerto Rico (to USA)	extant	native
Qatar	extant	native		yes
Romania	extant	native		yes
Russia	extant	native	yes
Russia (Asian)	extant	native	yes
Russia (Central Asian)	extant	native	yes
Russia (European)	extant	native	yes
São Tomé e Príncipe	extant	uncertain
Saudi Arabia	extant	native		yes	yes
Senegal	extant	native
Serbia	extant	vagrant
Seychelles	extant	uncertain
Sierra Leone	extant	native
Sint Maarten (to Netherlands)	extant	native
Slovakia	extant	native
Slovenia	extant	vagrant
Solomon Islands	extant	native
Somalia	extant	vagrant
South Africa	extant	native
South Korea	extant	vagrant
Spain	extant	native
Sri Lanka	extant	native
St Helena (to UK)	extant	vagrant
St Kitts and Nevis	extant	native
St Lucia	extant	native
St Martin (to France)	extant	native
St Pierre and Miquelon (to France)	extant	native		yes	yes
St Vincent and the Grenadines	extant	native
Sudan	extant	uncertain
Suriname	extant	native
Sweden	extant	native
Switzerland	extant	native
Taiwan, China	extant	uncertain
Tanzania	extant	vagrant
Thailand	extant	native
Timor-Leste	extant	uncertain
Togo	extant	vagrant
Trinidad and Tobago	extant	native
Tunisia	extant	native
Türkiye	extant	vagrant
Turkmenistan	extant	native			yes
Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK)	extant	native
Tuvalu	extant	uncertain
United Arab Emirates	extant	native		yes	yes
United Kingdom	extant	native			yes
Uruguay	extant	native		yes
USA	extant	native	yes
Vanuatu	extant	native
Venezuela	extant	native
Vietnam	extant	uncertain
Virgin Islands (to UK)	extant	native		yes
Virgin Islands (to USA)	extant	native		yes
Wallis and Futuna Islands (to France)	extant	uncertain
Western Sahara	extant	native
Yemen	extant	native		yes	yes

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Mauritania	Canary current shelf-break (south)
Morocco	Canary current shelf-break (north)
Norway	Slettnes
Norway	Varanger Peninsula
Russia (Asian)	Wrangel and Herald Islands
Russia (Central Asian)	Valley of the Yorkutayakha river
Spain	Cape Busto-Luanco
Spain	Cape Candelaria-Ortigueira estuary-Cape Estaca de Bares
Spain	Costa da Morte
USA	Barrow Canyon & Smith Bay
USA	Bering Sea Shelf 168W62N
USA	Bering Sea Shelf 169W60N
USA	Eastern Kodiak Island Marine
USA	Icy Cape Marine

Habitats & altitude

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Grassland	Tundra	major	breeding
Marine Neritic	Macroalgal/Kelp	major	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Pelagic	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Seagrass (Submerged)	major	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel	major	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs	major	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy	major	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy-Mud	major	non-breeding
Marine Oceanic	Epipelagic (0-200m)	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Oceanic	Mesopelagic (200-1000m)	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Tundra Wetlands (incl. pools and temporary waters from snowmelt)	major	breeding
Altitude	0 - 300 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threats & impact

Threat (level 1)

Threat (level 2)

Impact and Stresses

Climate change & severe weather

Other impacts

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Negligible declines

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Indirect ecosystem effects, Reduced reproductive success

Utilisation

Purpose	Scale
Sport hunting/specimen collecting	subsistence, national

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Pomarine Jaeger Stercorarius pomarinus. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/pomarine-jaeger-stercorarius-pomarinus on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.