Family: Spheniscidae (Penguins)

Authority: Mathews & Iredale, 1921

Red List Category

Criteria: A2acde+3cde+4acde

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Justification of Red List category
This species has been classified as Endangered owing to very rapid population decreases over the last three generations (30 years) combined with a limited distributional range and increasing land and sea-based threats. Precise reasons for the declines are poorly understood, but changes in the marine environment, including increasing sea temperatures and reduction or displacement of prey, diseases, and oil pollution are among the suspected causes.

Population size: 413700 mature individuals

Population trend: decreasing

Extent of occurrence (breeding/resident): 1,840,000 km²

Country endemic: no

Attributes
Realm - Afrotropical
Realm - Antarctic
IUCN System - Marine