• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note
Buteo buteo, B. japonicus and B. refectus (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) were previously lumped as B. buteo following Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993).

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
del Hoyo, J.; Collar, N. J.; Christie, D. A.; Elliott, A.; Fishpool, L. D. C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
D	D	D1

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2016	Least Concern
2014	Least Concern

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	Low
Land mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	10,600,000	medium
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2)	22,300,000	medium
Number of locations		-
Fragmentation		-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals				0
Population trend	Unknown		not applicable	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)		-	-	-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Largest subpopulations		-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	10.1	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population size is unknown given recent taxonomic splits. No population information is available for the nominate race, however the oshiroi and toyoshimai races are thought to be rare (del Hoyo et al. 2015). 

Trend justification: The population trend is difficult to determine because of uncertainty over the impacts of habitat modification on population sizes.

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Presence	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Bangladesh	N	Extant			Yes
Bhutan	N	Extant			Yes
Brunei	V	Extant			Yes
Cambodia	N	Extant			Yes
China (mainland)	N	Extant	Yes
Hong Kong (China)	N	Extant			Yes
India	N	Extant	Yes
Indonesia	V	Extant			Yes
Japan	N	Extant	Yes
Laos	N	Extant			Yes
Malaysia	V	Extant			Yes
Maldives	V	Extant			Yes
Mongolia	N	Extant	Yes
Myanmar	N	Extant			Yes
Nepal	N	Extant	Yes
North Korea	N	Extant	Yes
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	N	Extant		Yes
Pakistan	N	Extant	Yes
Palau	U	Extant
Philippines	V	Extant			Yes
Russia	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Russia (Asian)	N	Extant		Yes
Singapore	V	Extant			Yes
South Korea	N	Extant			Yes
Sri Lanka	N	Extant			Yes
Taiwan, China	N	Extant			Yes
Thailand	N	Extant			Yes
Vietnam	N	Extant			Yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable Land	suitable	breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable Land	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Temperate	suitable	breeding
Forest	Temperate	suitable	non-breeding
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	passage
Shrubland	Temperate	suitable	breeding
Shrubland	Temperate	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands	suitable	breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	suitable	passage
Altitude	0 - 2500 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	(max) 4500 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2020) Species factsheet: Buteo japonicus. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 19/02/2020. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2020) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 19/02/2020.