• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Ramos, J. A. 1993. Status and ecology of the Priolo or Azores Bullfinch. Thesis. Ph.D., Oxford, UK:University of Oxford.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	D1+2

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2021	Vulnerable	D1+2
2016	Vulnerable	D1+2
2013	Endangered	B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)
2012	Endangered	B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)
2010	Endangered	B2a+b(iii)
2009	Critically Endangered	B1a+b(iii,v); B2a+b(iii,v)
2008	Critically Endangered
2005	Critically Endangered
2004	Endangered
2000	Endangered
1994	Not Recognised
1988	Not Recognised

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	medium
Land-mass type		Average mass	30 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	700 km2
Number of locations	1	-
Severely fragmented?	yes	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	500-1700 mature individuals	good	estimated	2018
Population trend	stable	medium	estimated	-
Generation length	3.87 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	1	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	100%	-	-	-

Population justification: The European breeding population is estimated at 250–850 pairs, which equates to 500–1,700 mature individuals (BirdLife International in prep.) or 750-2,600 individuals in total (assuming breeding individuals make up two-thirds of the total population). Previously, estimates based on annual point count surveys between 2002 and 2005 ranged between 203 and 331 individuals (Ramos et al. 2005), whereas analysis of ringed birds between 2005 and 2008 gave a total population estimate of 1,608 ± 326 mature individuals (Monticelli et al. 2010), and a study using distance-sampling methods in 2008 gave an estimate of 1,064 ± 304 individuals (Ceia et al. 2011a).

Trend justification: The population size is estimated to be stable in the short-term (2007-2018) and increasing in the long-term (1980-2018) by 727% (BirdLife International in prep.).

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Portugal	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Portugal	Pico da Vara

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Plantations	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	major	resident
Shrubland	Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation	suitable	resident
Altitude	0 - 700 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Scale Unknown/Unrecorded	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Wood & pulp plantations - Scale Unknown/Unrecorded	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Past Impact
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Past, Unlikely to Return		Majority (50-90%)		Unknown		Past Impact
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Clethra arborea	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		No decline		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Cryptomeria japonica	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		No decline		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Hedychium gardnerianum	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		No decline		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Named species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Named species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Pittosporum undulatum	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Whole (>90%)		No decline		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation

Purpose	Scale
Pets/display animals, horticulture	international

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Azores Bullfinch Pyrrhula murina. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/azores-bullfinch-pyrrhula-murina on 26/12/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 26/12/2024.