Family: Anatidae (Ducks, Geese, Swans)

Authority: (Linnaeus, 1758)

Red List Category

Criteria: A4abcde

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Justification of Red List category
This species has been uplisted to Near Threatened. Within Europe it has experienced moderate declines and these have not been compensated for by increases elsewhere in the species's range. Declines are thought to be driven by a range of threats including overharvesting of aquatic resources, pollution, disturbance and hunting. Should the declines be found to be more severe, or new information reveal declines in the S. m. sedentaria and S. m. borealis populations then the species would warrant uplisting; it almost meets the requirements for listing as threatened under criterion A4abcde.

Population size:

Population trend: Unknown

Distribution size (breeding/resident): 59,900,000 km²

Country endemic: No

Attributes
Realm - Nearctic
Realm - Palearctic
IUCN Ecosystem -- Marine biome