Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | Least Concern | |
| 2018 | Least Concern | |
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | low |
| Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 21,700,000 km2 | medium |
| Severely fragmented? | no | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population size | 20000000 mature individuals | medium | estimated | 2002 |
| Population trend | stable | - | suspected | - |
| Generation length | 4.7 years | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population is estimated to number 20 million mature individuals (Partners in Flight 2019).
Trend justification: The population is thought to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats.
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antigua and Barbuda | extant | native | yes | |||
| Argentina | extant | native | yes | |||
| Bahamas | extant | native | yes | |||
| Barbados | extant | native | yes | |||
| Belize | extant | native | yes | |||
| Bolivia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (to Netherlands) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Brazil | extant | native | yes | |||
| Cayman Islands (to UK) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Colombia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Costa Rica | extant | native | yes | |||
| Cuba | extant | native | yes | |||
| Dominica | extant | native | yes | |||
| Dominican Republic | extant | native | yes | |||
| Ecuador | extant | native | yes | |||
| French Guiana | extant | native | yes | |||
| Grenada | extant | native | yes | |||
| Guadeloupe (to France) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Guyana | extant | native | yes | |||
| Haiti | extant | native | yes | |||
| Honduras | extant | native | yes | |||
| Jamaica | extant | native | yes | |||
| Martinique (to France) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Mexico | extant | native | yes | |||
| Montserrat (to UK) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Nicaragua | extant | native | yes | |||
| Panama | extant | native | yes | |||
| Paraguay | extant | native | yes | |||
| Peru | extant | native | yes | |||
| Puerto Rico (to USA) | extant | native | yes | |||
| St Kitts and Nevis | extant | native | yes | |||
| St Lucia | extant | native | yes | |||
| St Vincent and the Grenadines | extant | native | yes | |||
| Suriname | extant | native | yes | |||
| Trinidad and Tobago | extant | native | yes | |||
| Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK) | extant | native | yes | |||
| United States Minor Outlying Islands (to USA) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Uruguay | extant | native | yes | |||
| USA | extant | native | yes | |||
| Venezuela | extant | native | yes | |||
| Virgin Islands (to UK) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Virgin Islands (to USA) | extant | native | yes |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Pastureland | suitable | resident |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest | major | resident |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Urban Areas | suitable | resident |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level | marginal | resident |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | resident |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Moist | suitable | resident |
| Wetlands (inland) | Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands | suitable | resident |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) | suitable | resident |
| Altitude | 0 - 2300 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Purpose | Scale |
|---|---|
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | subsistence, national |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2025) Species factsheet: Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/smooth-billed-ani-crotophaga-ani on 20/01/2025.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2025) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 20/01/2025.