• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note
Calamonastides gracilirostris and C. bensoni (del Hoyo and Collar 2016) were previously lumped as Chloropeta gracilirostris following Dowsett and Forbes-Watson (1993) and Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993).

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	A2c+3c+4c

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2016	Vulnerable	A2c+3c+4c
2012	Not Recognised
2008	Not Recognised
2004	Not Recognised
2000	Not Recognised
1994	Not Recognised
1988	Not Recognised

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	235,000 km2	medium
Number of locations	11-100	-
Severely fragmented?	yes	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	10000-19999 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2014
Population trend	decreasing	medium	suspected	1998-2008
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Generation length	3.6 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	2-100	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	1-89%	-	-	-

Population justification: Maclean et al. (2014) estimated the population to be 90,000 adults, assuming 100% occupancy of habitat. Assuming instead that only a proportion (20%) of its habitat is inhabited then the population size may in fact be nearer 18,000 mature individuals. This would fit in the range of 10,000-19,999 mature individuals.

Trend justification: This species's population is suspected to be declining in line with habitat loss and degradation within its range. Rates of decline in this species have been estimated by assuming that the relationship between habitat variables and density/occurrence were the same between data from 1999-2001 compared to 1984-1987 (Maclean et al. 2014). This gave an estimate of a decline over 3 generations of c.35% (80% CI: 15.21-40.15%) in the Albertine Rift population (Maclean et al. 2014). For the Kenyan population, declines were estimated at c.92% (80% CI: 42.40-96.07%), and future declines in this species were stated as likely to be >80% (Maclean et al. 2014). While declines over the past 3 generations may not be the same as that over the modelled time period, declines over 3 generations are still suspected to have been large and ongoing but the global rate of decline is unlikely to exceed 50% over 3 generations. However, the decline would fall in the range of 30-49%.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Burundi	extant	native	yes
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	extant	native	yes
Kenya	extant	native	yes
Rwanda	extant	native	yes
Tanzania	extant	native	yes
Uganda	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Burundi	Ruvubu National Park
Burundi	Rwihinda Lake Managed Nature Reserve
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	Itombwe Mountains
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	Virunga National Park
Kenya	Dunga swamp
Kenya	Koguta swamp
Kenya	Yala swamp complex
Rwanda	Akanyaru wetlands
Rwanda	Nyabarongo wetlands
Rwanda	Rugezi Marsh
Tanzania	Kagera swamps
Tanzania	Minziro Forest Reserve
Uganda	Doho Rice Scheme
Uganda	Kyambura Wildlife Reserve
Uganda	Lake Mburo National Park
Uganda	Lake Nakuwa
Uganda	Lutembe Bay
Uganda	Nabajjuzi Wetland
Uganda	Nyamuriro swamp
Uganda	Queen Elizabeth National Park and Lake George

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Wetlands (inland)	Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands	major	resident
Altitude	900 - 2050 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Gathering terrestrial plants - Unintentional effects (species is not the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Eichhornia crassipes	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Natural system modifications	Fire & fire suppression - Trend Unknown/Unrecorded	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Papyrus Yellow Warbler Calamonastides gracilirostris. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/papyrus-yellow-warbler-calamonastides-gracilirostris on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.