• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note
Phapitreron amethystinus, P. maculipectus and P. frontalis (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) were previously lumped as P. amethystinus following Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993).

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2023	Near Threatened	B1b(iii)
2016	Near Threatened	C2a(i)
2014	Near Threatened	C2a(i)
2012	Not Recognised
2008	Not Recognised
2004	Not Recognised
2000	Not Recognised
1994	Not Recognised
1988	Not Recognised

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type		Average mass	145 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	18,900 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	5500-10000 mature individuals	poor	suspected	2014
Population trend	decreasing	-	suspected	2016-2028
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	1-9%	-	-	-
Generation length	4.01 years	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	4-5	-	-	-
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation	95-99%	-	-	-

Population justification: No published population estimates are known, however the species is overall considered rare (Allen 2020). On Negros, it has previously been suggested that fewer than 250 individuals (and fewer mature individuals) persist. Citizen science data (eBird 2023) support the assertion that it is genuinely very scarce and three main subpopulations on the island are rather unlikely to support more than 100 mature individuals each. On Panay, forest cover is considerably more extensive and the Central Panay Mountains almost certainly hosts the largest subpopulation. The population size has not been estimated, but if densities are similar to those precautionarily assumed for Negros, the population size likely lies somewhere between 5,000 and 10,000 mature individuals. Clearly, however, there is a real need to populate these estimates more robustly using species- and site- specific data.

Trend justification: The principal threats to this species are deforestations and hunting. According to remote sensing data (Global Forest Watch 2023, based on data from Hansen et al. [2013] and methods disclosed therein), rates of forest cover loss in this species' range have been minimal, equivalent to c.1-1.5% in the three generations (12 years; Bird et al. 2020) to 2022. However, there is additional habitat loss in the Western Visayan bioregion comprising selective logging and the removal of below-canopy vegetation, which may impact this species. Moreover, hunting, especially where local villages abut forest, provides a compounding threat. Overall, the species is suspected to be declining at an ongoing rate of 1-9% over three generations.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Philippines	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	500 - 2000 m	Occasional altitudinal limits	(min) 0 m

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Purpose	Scale
Food - human	subsistence, national

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Grey-breasted Brown-dove Phapitreron maculipectus. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/grey-breasted-brown-dove-phapitreron-maculipectus on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.