Family: Spheniscidae (Penguins)

Authority: Gray, 1845

Red List Category

Criteria: A2bce+3bce+4bce; B2b(v)

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Justification of Red List category
This species has a small breeding range and was previously believed to have a small population undergoing a continuing, and rapid, decline. However, recent population surveys across parts of the breeding range found substantially more penguins than previously thought, raising questions about the validity of previous estimates. The species is still suspected to be declining, but the population is considerably larger than the thresholds for listing as Vulnerable. There is no current evidence for rapid declines, but the high level of uncertainty in the rate of population reduction means that the species is now listed as Near Threatened. Further monitoring aimed at deriving population trends is required.

Population size: 12500-50000 mature individuals

Population trend: decreasing

Extent of occurrence (breeding/resident): 85,500 km²

Country endemic: yes

Attributes
Land-mass type - oceanic island
Realm - Oceanian
IUCN System - Terrestrial
IUCN System - Marine