• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of_the_WP15.xls.
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm.
Turbott, E.G. 1990. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand. Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Wellington.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2018	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	148,000,000 km2	medium
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	166,000,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	400000-599999 mature individuals	poor	estimated	2012
Population trend	stable	-	suspected	-
Generation length	13.5 years	-	-	-

Population justification: The European population is estimated at 39,900-56,200 pairs, which equates to 79,800-112,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). Europe forms approximately 20% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is c.400,000-560,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed. National population sizes have been estimated at c.50-10,000 wintering individuals in Japan and c.100-100,000 breeding pairs and c.50-10,000 individuals on migration in Russia (Brazil 2009). The population is therefore placed in the band 400,000-599,999 mature individuals.

Trend justification: The population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats. The European population trend is unknown (BirdLife International 2015).

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Algeria	extant	native
Angola	extant	native
Antarctica	extant	vagrant
Antigua and Barbuda	extant	native
Argentina	extant	native
Aruba (to Netherlands)	extant	native
Australia	extant	native
Austria	extant	native				yes
Azerbaijan	extant	native			yes	yes
Bahamas	extant	native
Bahrain	extant	native			yes	yes
Bangladesh	extant	native
Barbados	extant	native
Belarus	extant	vagrant
Belgium	extant	native
Belize	extant	native			yes	yes
Bermuda (to UK)	extant	native
Bosnia and Herzegovina	extant	vagrant
Brazil	extant	native
Bulgaria	extant	native			yes
Cameroon	extant	vagrant
Canada	extant	native
Cape Verde	extant	native
Cayman Islands (to UK)	extant	native
Chile	extant	native
Christmas Island (to Australia)	extant	vagrant
Colombia	extant	native
Congo	extant	uncertain
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	extant	vagrant
Costa Rica	extant	native			yes
Côte d'Ivoire	extant	native
Croatia	extant	vagrant
Cuba	extant	native
Curaçao (to Netherlands)	extant	native				yes
Cyprus	extant	native				yes
Czechia	extant	native
Denmark	extant	native				yes
Dominica	extant	native
Dominican Republic	extant	native			yes
Ecuador	extant	native
Egypt	extant	native
Eritrea	extant	native
Ethiopia	extant	vagrant
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	extant	native
Faroe Islands (to Denmark)	extant	native		yes
Fiji	extant	vagrant			yes
Finland	extant	native		yes		yes
France	extant	native			yes	yes
French Guiana	extant	native
Gabon	extant	native
Gambia	extant	native
Georgia	extant	vagrant
Germany	extant	native				yes
Ghana	extant	vagrant
Gibraltar (to UK)	extant	native			yes
Greece	extant	native				yes
Greenland (to Denmark)	extant	native		yes
Grenada	extant	vagrant
Guadeloupe (to France)	extant	native			yes
Guatemala	extant	native
Guinea	extant	native
Guinea-Bissau	extant	native
Guyana	extant	native
Haiti	extant	native
Honduras	extant	native
Hungary	extant	native
Iceland	extant	native		yes
India	extant	native
Indonesia	extant	native
Iran, Islamic Republic of	extant	native			yes	yes
Iraq	extant	native				yes
Ireland	extant	native
Israel	extant	native
Italy	extant	native			yes
Jamaica	extant	vagrant
Japan	extant	native
Jordan	extant	native				yes
Kazakhstan	extant	vagrant
Kenya	extant	vagrant
Kuwait	extant	native			yes	yes
Kyrgyzstan	extant	vagrant
Latvia	extant	vagrant
Lebanon	extant	vagrant				yes
Liberia	extant	native
Libya	extant	vagrant
Luxembourg	extant	vagrant
Malaysia	extant	native
Malta	extant	vagrant
Martinique (to France)	extant	native
Mauritania	extant	native
Mexico	extant	native
Micronesia, Federated States of	extant	native			yes
Montenegro	extant	vagrant			yes
Montserrat (to UK)	extant	native
Morocco	extant	native
Mozambique	extant	native
Namibia	extant	native
Netherlands	extant	native			yes
New Caledonia (to France)	extant	native
New Zealand	extant	native
Nicaragua	extant	native
Nigeria	extant	vagrant
Norway	extant	native		yes
Oman	extant	native			yes	yes
Pakistan	extant	native
Palestine	extant	native				yes
Panama	extant	native
Papua New Guinea	extant	uncertain
Peru	extant	native
Poland	extant	native				yes
Portugal	extant	native			yes
Puerto Rico (to USA)	extant	native
Romania	extant	native			yes
Russia	extant	native		yes
Russia (Asian)	extant	native		yes
Russia (Central Asian)	extant	native		yes
Russia (European)	extant	native		yes
Saudi Arabia	extant	native			yes	yes
Senegal	extant	native
Serbia	extant	vagrant			yes
Seychelles	extant	vagrant
Sierra Leone	extant	vagrant
Singapore	extant	native
Slovakia	extant	native
Slovenia	extant	vagrant
Solomon Islands	extant	native
Somalia	extant	native
South Africa	extant	native
South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands	extant	native
South Korea	extant	native
Spain	extant	native
Sri Lanka	extant	native
St Helena (to UK)	extant	native
St Kitts and Nevis	extant	native
St Lucia	extant	native
St Pierre and Miquelon (to France)	extant	native				yes
St Vincent and the Grenadines	extant	native
Sudan	extant	vagrant			yes
Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands (to Norway)	extant	native		yes
Sweden	extant	native		yes		yes
Switzerland	extant	native
Taiwan, China	extant	native
Tanzania	extant	vagrant
Thailand	extant	native
Timor-Leste	extant	vagrant
Togo	extant	native
Trinidad and Tobago	extant	native
Tunisia	extant	native
Türkiye	extant	native			yes
Turkmenistan	extant	native				yes
Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK)	extant	native
United Arab Emirates	extant	native			yes	yes
United Kingdom	extant	native		yes		yes
Uruguay	extant	native			yes
USA	extant	native		yes
Vanuatu	extant	native
Venezuela	extant	native
Virgin Islands (to UK)	extant	native			yes
Virgin Islands (to USA)	extant	native			yes
Yemen	extant	native				yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Iceland	Brunasandur
Iceland	Utherad
Norway	Slettnes
Norway	Varanger Peninsula
Russia (Asian)	Izvestiy Tsik islands
Russia (Asian)	Kolyma delta
Russia (Asian)	Utkholok river
Russia (Central Asian)	Lower Yuribey
Russia (Central Asian)	Upper and Middle Yuribey
Russia (Central Asian)	Valley of the Yorkutayakha river
Spain	Cape Busto-Luanco
Spain	Cape Candelaria-Ortigueira estuary-Cape Estaca de Bares
Spain	Costa da Morte
Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands (to Norway)	Adventdalen & Adventfjorden
Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands (to Norway)	Bjørnøya (Bear Island)
Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands (to Norway)	Inner parts of Kongsfjorden
Sweden	Archipelago of Stockholm
United Kingdom	Blackpark and Gutcher, Yell
United Kingdom	Crussa Field and the Heogs
United Kingdom	Hill of Colvadale and Sobul
United Kingdom	Moorland Areas, Central Shetland

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Grassland	Tundra	major	breeding
Marine Neritic	Estuaries	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Macroalgal/Kelp	major	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Pelagic	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Seagrass (Submerged)	major	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel	major	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs	major	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy	major	non-breeding
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy-Mud	major	non-breeding
Marine Oceanic	Epipelagic (0-200m)	suitable	non-breeding
Marine Oceanic	Mesopelagic (200-1000m)	suitable	non-breeding
Altitude	0 - 700 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Persecution/control	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species disturbance, Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality
Climate change & severe weather	Habitat shifting & alteration	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation, Reduced reproductive success

Purpose	Scale
Sport hunting/specimen collecting	subsistence, national

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Arctic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/arctic-jaeger-stercorarius-parasiticus on 23/11/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/search on 23/11/2024.