Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
- | A2bcd+4bcd | A2bcd+3bcd+4bcd; C1+2a(ii) |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2020 | Endangered | A2bcd+4bcd |
2018 | Endangered | A2bcd+4bcd |
2016 | Endangered | A2bcd+4bcd |
2013 | Endangered | A2bcd+4bcd |
2012 | Endangered | A2bcd+4bcd |
2008 | Endangered | A2b,c,d; A4b,c,d |
2004 | Endangered | |
2000 | Endangered | |
1996 | Endangered | |
1994 | Endangered | |
1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | Medium |
Land mass type |
Land-mass type - continent |
Average mass | - |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 1,030,000 | medium |
Number of locations | 11-100 | - |
Severely Fragmented | - |
Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
No. of mature individuals | 4700 | poor | estimated | 2000 |
Population trend | Decreasing | medium | estimated | - |
Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | 30-49 | - | - | - |
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | 50-79 | - | - | - |
Number of subpopulations | 2-100 | - | - | - |
Percentage in largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
Generation length (yrs) | 19.84 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The population was estimated at 7,000 individuals in 1994. This is roughly equivalent to 4,700 mature individuals.
Trend justification: The species's population is estimated to be in very rapid decline, owing to habitat loss and degradation and levels of trapping and persecution. It suffered a dramatic population decline, judged at 90% between the mid-1970s and 1994. On the coast of Michoacán, Mexico, it has been calculated that the species occupies 45.6% of its estimated historic distribution (Monterrubio-Rico et al. 2007). Along the entire Pacific coast of Mexico its historical range has contracted by 79% (Monterrubio-Rico et al. 2010). The population at Punta de Manabique declined by 30% from 1994 to 2001 primarily because of nest poaching (Eisermann 2003, K. Eisermann in litt. 2007). However, in some areas the population may be less affected with roost numbers in Tamaulipas in 2013 being 80 ± 8.6 individuals, compared to <15 in 1992-1994, although nesting densities may be lower (Anon. 2013).
Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Belize | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Guatemala | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Honduras | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Mexico | N | Extant | Yes |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Artificial/Terrestrial | Arable Land | marginal | resident |
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | major | resident |
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level | major | resident |
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | major | resident |
Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Moist | major | resident |
Altitude | 0 - 675 m | Occasional altitudinal limits | (max) 1380 m |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Scale Unknown/Unrecorded | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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Agriculture & aquaculture | Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Persecution/control | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Climate change & severe weather | Storms & flooding | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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Residential & commercial development | Housing & urban areas | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent | ||
Sport hunting/specimen collecting | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2022) Species factsheet: Amazona oratrix. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 30/06/2022.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2022) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 30/06/2022.