• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note
Machlolophus spilonotus (del Hoyo and Collar 2016) was previously listed as Parus spilonotus.

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Sibley, C. G.; Monroe, B. L. 1990. Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world. Yale University Press, New Haven, USA.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	altitudinal migrant	Forest dependency	Medium
Land mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	3,880,000
Number of locations		-
Fragmentation		-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals	unknown	not applicable	not applicable	0
Population trend	Increasing		estimated	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)		-	-	-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Largest subpopulations		-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	4.2	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is reported to be from common (various localities in China) to scarce and local in the eastern Himalayas (Harrap and Quinn 1996), while the population in China has been estimated at c.100-10,000 breeding pairs (Brazil 2009).

Trend justification: The population is estimated to be increasing following recorded range expansions (del Hoyo et al. 2007).

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Presence	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Bangladesh	U	Extant
Bhutan	N	Extant
China (mainland)	N	Extant
Hong Kong (China)	N	Extant		Yes
India	N	Extant
Laos	N	Extant		Yes
Myanmar	N	Extant
Nepal	N	Extant
Thailand	N	Extant
Vietnam	N	Extant

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Laos	Dakchung Plateau
Laos	Nakai-Nam Theun
Laos	Nam Ha
Laos	Nam Xam
Laos	Phou Ahyon
Laos	Phou Loeuy
Laos	Xe Sap
Nepal	Mai Valley forests

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable Land	suitable	resident
Artificial/Terrestrial	Plantations	suitable	resident
Artificial/Terrestrial	Rural Gardens	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Forest	Temperate	suitable	resident
Altitude	350 - 3100 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Food (human)	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild		Non-trivial	Recent
Pets	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild		Non-trivial	Recent
Pets	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild	International	Non-trivial	Recent

---

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2019) Species factsheet: Machlolophus spilonotus. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 15/10/2019. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2019) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 15/10/2019.