Wood Sandpiper (Tringa glareola) - BirdLife species factsheet

Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola

Current view: Data table and detailed info

Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and taxonomy of Australian birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
Christidis, L.; Boles, W. E. 2008. Systematics and taxonomy of Australian birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
Cramp, S. and Perrins, C.M. 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Cramp, S.; Perrins, C. M. 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
del Hoyo, J.; Collar, N. J.; Christie, D. A.; Elliott, A.; Fishpool, L. D. C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International.

IUCN Red list criteria met and history

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Species attributes

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	Low
Land mass type		Average mass	-

Extent of occurrence (EOO)

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	23,000,000	medium
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2)	124,000,000	medium
Number of locations		-
Fragmentation		-

Population and trend

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals		poor	estimated	2012
Population trend	Stable		suspected	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)		-	-	-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Largest subpopulations		-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	5.2	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population is estimated to number c.3,100,000-3,500,000 individuals (Wetlands International 2015). The European population is estimated at 763,000-1,520,000 pairs, which equates to 1,530,000-3,040,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). National population estimates include: c.100,000-1 million breeding pairs, >c.10,000 individuals on migration and c.50-1,000 wintering individuals in China; c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration and c.1,000-10,000 wintering individuals in Taiwan; c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration and c.50-1,000 wintering individuals in Japan and c.10,000-1 million breeding pairs and >c.1,000 individuals on migration in Russia (Brazil 2009).

Trend justification: The overall population trend is stable, although some populations have unknown trends (Wetlands International 2015). Between 1980 and 2013 the European population trend was estimated to be stable (EBCC 2015).

Country/territory distribution

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Presence	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Afghanistan	N	Extant				Yes
Albania	N	Extant
Algeria	N	Extant
Angola	N	Extant
Antigua and Barbuda	V	Extant
Armenia	N	Extant
Australia	N	Extant
Austria	N	Extant
Azerbaijan	N	Extant
Bahrain	N	Extant			Yes	Yes
Bangladesh	N	Extant
Barbados	V	Extant
Belarus	N	Extant		Yes
Belgium	N	Extant
Benin	N	Extant
Bermuda (to UK)	V	Extant				Yes
Bhutan	N	Extant
Bosnia and Herzegovina	N	Extant
Botswana	N	Extant
British Indian Ocean Territory	N	Extant
Brunei	N	Extant
Bulgaria	N	Extant
Burkina Faso	N	Extant
Burundi	N	Extant
Cambodia	N	Extant
Cameroon	N	Extant
Canada	N	Extant
Cape Verde	N	Extant
Central African Republic	N	Extant
Chad	N	Extant
China (mainland)	N	Extant
Christmas Island (to Australia)	N	Extant
Comoros	V	Extant
Congo	N	Extant
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the	N	Extant
Costa Rica	V	Extant			Yes
Côte d'Ivoire	N	Extant
Croatia	N	Extant				Yes
Cyprus	N	Extant				Yes
Czech Republic	N	Extant
Denmark	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Djibouti	N	Extant
Dominica	V	Extant
Ecuador	V	Extant
Egypt	N	Extant
Equatorial Guinea	N	Extant
Eritrea	N	Extant
Estonia	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Ethiopia	N	Extant
Faroe Islands (to Denmark)	V	Extant
Finland	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
France	N	Extant			Yes	Yes
Gabon	N	Extant
Gambia	N	Extant
Georgia	N	Extant
Germany	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Ghana	N	Extant
Greece	N	Extant				Yes
Guadeloupe (to France)	V	Extant
Guam (to USA)	N	Extant			Yes
Guatemala	V	Extant
Guinea	N	Extant
Guinea-Bissau	N	Extant
Honduras	V	Extant
Hong Kong (China)	N	Extant
Hungary	N	Extant
Iceland	N	Extant		Yes
India	N	Extant
Indonesia	N	Extant
Iran, Islamic Republic of	N	Extant			Yes	Yes
Iraq	N	Extant			Yes	Yes
Ireland	N	Extant			Yes
Israel	N	Extant
Italy	N	Extant				Yes
Japan	N	Extant
Jordan	N	Extant				Yes
Kazakhstan	N	Extant
Kenya	N	Extant
Kuwait	N	Extant			Yes	Yes
Kyrgyzstan	N	Extant
Laos	N	Extant
Latvia	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Lebanon	N	Extant				Yes
Lesotho	N	Extant
Liberia	N	Extant
Libya	N	Extant
Liechtenstein	V	Extant
Lithuania	N	Extant		Yes
Luxembourg	N	Extant
Macedonia, the former Yugoslav Republic of	N	Extant
Madagascar	N	Extant
Malawi	N	Extant
Malaysia	N	Extant
Maldives	N	Extant
Mali	N	Extant
Malta	N	Extant
Marshall Islands	N	Extant			Yes
Martinique (to France)	V	Extant
Mauritania	N	Extant
Mauritius	V	Extant
Micronesia, Federated States of	N	Extant			Yes
Moldova	N	Extant
Mongolia	N	Extant		Yes
Montenegro	N	Extant
Montserrat (to UK)	V	Extant
Morocco	N	Extant
Mozambique	N	Extant
Myanmar	N	Extant
Namibia	N	Extant
Nepal	N	Extant
Nicaragua	V	Extant
Niger	N	Extant
Nigeria	N	Extant
North Korea	N	Extant
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	N	Extant			Yes
Norway	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Oman	N	Extant			Yes	Yes
Pakistan	N	Extant
Palau	N	Extant			Yes
Palestinian Authority Territories	N	Extant				Yes
Papua New Guinea	N	Extant
Philippines	N	Extant
Poland	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Portugal	N	Extant			Yes
Qatar	N	Extant			Yes	Yes
Romania	N	Extant				Yes
Russia	N	Extant	Yes	Yes		Yes
Russia (Asian)	N	Extant		Yes
Russia (Central Asian)	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Russia (European)	N	Extant	Yes
Rwanda	N	Extant
São Tomé e Príncipe	N	Extant
Saudi Arabia	N	Extant			Yes	Yes
Senegal	N	Extant
Serbia	N	Extant
Seychelles	N	Extant
Sierra Leone	N	Extant
Singapore	N	Extant
Slovakia	N	Extant
Slovenia	N	Extant				Yes
Somalia	N	Extant
South Africa	N	Extant
South Korea	N	Extant
South Sudan	N	Extant			Yes
Spain	N	Extant			Yes
Sri Lanka	N	Extant
St Kitts and Nevis	V	Extant
St Lucia	V	Extant
St Vincent and the Grenadines	V	Extant
Sudan	N	Extant
Swaziland	N	Extant
Sweden	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
Switzerland	N	Extant
Syria	N	Extant				Yes
Taiwan, China	N	Extant
Tajikistan	N	Extant
Tanzania	N	Extant
Thailand	N	Extant
Timor-Leste	N	Extant			Yes	Yes
Togo	N	Extant
Trinidad and Tobago	V	Extant
Tunisia	N	Extant
Turkey	N	Extant			Yes
Turkmenistan	N	Extant		Yes
Uganda	N	Extant
Ukraine	N	Extant		Yes		Yes
United Arab Emirates	N	Extant			Yes	Yes
United Kingdom	N	Extant		Yes
USA	N	Extant		Yes
Uzbekistan	N	Extant
Vietnam	N	Extant
Western Sahara	N	Extant
Yemen	N	Extant			Yes	Yes
Zambia	N	Extant
Zimbabwe	N	Extant

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Denmark	Ålvand Klithede and Førby Sø
Denmark	Borris Hede
Denmark	Hanstholm Reservation
Denmark	Kongens Mose and Draved Skov
Estonia	Marimetsa-Õmma
Estonia	Nätsi-Võlla
Estonia	Sirtsi
Estonia	Soomaa
Estonia	Tuhu-Kesu
Finland	Kemihaara (Vuotos) mires and forests
Finland	Kevo
Finland	Kilsiaapa-Ristivuoma
Finland	Lämsänaapa-Sakkala-aapa
Finland	Lätäseno and Jietajoki mires
Finland	Lemmenjoki-Hammastunturi-Pulju
Finland	Litokaira
Finland	Martimoaapa-Lumiaapa-Penikat
Finland	Närängänvaara-Virmajoki-Romevaara
Finland	Olvassuo-Oravisuo-Näätäsuo-Sammakkosuo
Finland	Oulanka-Sukerijärvi
Finland	Oulu region wetlands
Finland	Pallas and Ylläs fjelds
Finland	Pomokaira-Koitelaiskaira
Finland	Pöyrisvuoma mire protection area
Finland	Runkaus-Saariaapa-Tainijärvet
Finland	Saariselkä and Koilliskaira
Finland	Syöte-Salmitunturi
Finland	Veittiaapa-Ristiaapa
Greece	Divari Pylou (Gialova) lagoon and Sfaktiria island
Italy	Pantani di Vendicari e di Capo Passero
Latvia	Berzpils bogs and flood-plains
Latvia	Cena bog
Latvia	Kemeri national park
Latvia	Lielais and Pemmas bogs
Latvia	Orlovas bog
Latvia	Stikli
Latvia	Teici and Pelecare bogs
Latvia	Ziemelu bogs
Lithuania	Aukstasis Tyras Telmological Reserve
Lithuania	Cepkeliai Strict Nature Reserve
Lithuania	Kamanos Strict Nature Reserve
Lithuania	Labanoras Regional Park
Lithuania	Musos tyrelis raised bog with surrounding forest
Lithuania	Nemunas delta regional Park
Lithuania	Reiskiai Telmological Reserve
Lithuania	Zuvintas Biosphere Reserve
Norway	Nordre Øyeren & Sørumsneset
Romania	Buhuşu reservoir - Bacău - Tătărăşti
Romania	Câmpia Crişurilor
Romania	Cefa fish-ponds and Radvani wood
Romania	Confluenţa Jiu - Dunăre
Romania	Dealurile Homoroadelor
Romania	Iazurile de pe Văile Ibănesei - Başeului - Podrigăi
Romania	Lacurile Fălticeni
Romania	Maglavit
Romania	Miheşu de Câmpie-Taureni fish-ponds
Romania	Suhaia
Russia (Asian)	Forty islands
Russia (Central Asian)	Basins of the Schuchya and Khadytayakha rivers
Russia (Central Asian)	Lower Ob'
Russia (European)	Koporski Bay
Russia (European)	Lapland Biosphere Reserve
Slovenia	Lake Cerknica
Slovenia	River Drava
South Korea	Cheonsu Bay
Sweden	Bog of Dumme
Sweden	Bog of Komosse
Sweden	Färnebofjärden
Sweden	Florarna
Sweden	Lake Ånn – Storlien
Sweden	Lake Gammelstadsviken
Sweden	Lake Tjålme – Valley of Lais
Sweden	Middagsfjället – Dörrshöjden
Sweden	Påkketan
Sweden	River Ume Delta and Plains
Sweden	Stornäset – Hörningsholm
Sweden	Taavavuoma
Sweden	Vindel Mountains (including Lake Tärna)
Uganda	Doho Rice Scheme
United Kingdom	Abernethy Forest
United Kingdom	Achanalt Marshes
United Kingdom	Caithness and Sutherland Peatlands
United Kingdom	Grampian Mountains

Habitats & altitude

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Irrigated Land (includes irrigation channels)	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Seasonally Flooded Agricultural Land	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Wastewater Treatment Areas	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Water Storage Areas (over 8ha)	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Boreal	suitable	breeding
Grassland	Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded	suitable	non-breeding
Shrubland	Subarctic	suitable	breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands	suitable	breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)	suitable	non-breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls)	suitable	non-breeding
Altitude		Occasional altitudinal limits

Threats & impact

Threat (level 1)

Threat (level 2)

Impact and Stresses

Agriculture & aquaculture

Annual & perennial non-timber crops

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Slow, Significant Declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Agriculture & aquaculture

Wood & pulp plantations

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Slow, Significant Declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Biological resource use

Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Slow, Significant Declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Species mortality

Climate change & severe weather

Habitat shifting & alteration

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Future

Whole (>90%)

Unknown

Stresses
Indirect ecosystem effects, Ecosystem degradation

Climate change & severe weather

Other impacts

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Ongoing

Minority (<50%)

Slow, Significant Declines

Low Impact: 5

Stresses
Indirect ecosystem effects, Species mortality

Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases

Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Future

Minority (<50%)

Rapid Declines

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Species mortality

Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases

Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases

Timing

Scope

Severity

Impact

Future

Minority (<50%)

Rapid Declines

Low Impact: 4

Stresses
Species mortality

Utilisation

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Food (human)	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild		Non-trivial	Recent
Food - human	-	-	-		Non-trivial	Recent
Pets	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild	International	Non-trivial	Recent
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-	-	International	Non-trivial	Recent
Sport	Whole	Adults and juveniles	Wild		Non-trivial	Recent
Sport hunting/specimen collecting	-	-	-		Non-trivial	Recent

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2018) Species factsheet: Tringa glareola. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 21/09/2018. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2018) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 21/09/2018.