• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
Butchart, D.; Mundy, P. 1981. Cape Vultures in Botswana. Babbler: 6-7.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm#.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2022	Least Concern
2016	Near Threatened	A3c
2013	Near Threatened	A3c
2012	Near Threatened	A3c
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	High
Land mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	1,630,000	medium
Number of locations		-
Severely Fragmented		-

	Value	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals	unknown	not applicable	not applicable	0
Population trend	Decreasing		suspected	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)	10-19	-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)	10-19	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Percentage in largest subpopulation		-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	8.77	-	-	-

Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is described as uncommon or rare (Stotz et al. 1996, Collar et al. 2020).

Trend justification: The species is feared to be in decline as its forested habitat is lost; moreover, occasional reports of captive birds suggest that it may be susceptible to trapping (per Collar et al. 2020). Tree cover within the range is lost at a rate equivalent to 9% over three generations (Global Forest Watch 2021, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein). The species is highly forest-dependent, and as such the rate of population decline may be higher than the rate of forest loss alone. The impact of trapping on the population size has not been quantified, but based on the low number of reports of birds in captivity, trapping pressure may not be high. The rate of population decline is therefore tentatively placed in the band 10-19% over three generations.

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Presence	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Brazil	N	Extant	Yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Brazil	Cristalino / Serra do Cachimbo
Brazil	Ji-Paraná / Roosevelt
Brazil	Novo Progresso
Brazil	Parque Nacional do Jaú

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Swamp	major	resident
Altitude	75 - 250 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-			Non-trivial	Recent

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Amazona kawalli. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 31/03/2023. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 31/03/2023.