White-crowned Sparrow (Zonotrichia leucophrys)

White-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys

Current view: Data table and detailed info

Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN Red list criteria met and history

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2021	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Species attributes

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	Low
Land mass type		Average mass	29 g

Distribution

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	19,000,000	medium
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2)	10,600,000	medium
Number of locations		-
Severely Fragmented		-

Population and trend

	Value	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals	79000000	poor	estimated	2019
Population trend	Stable		estimated	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)		-	-	-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Percentage in largest subpopulation		-	-	-

Population justification: The global population is estimated to number 79 million mature individuals (Partners in Flight 2019).

Trend justification: The species has been undergoing a small decline at an average rate of 0.3% per year between 1970 and 2017 (Partners in Flight 2019). Over the past ten years, the population has been stable (Pardieck et al. 2018).

Country/territory distribution

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Presence	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Bahamas	N	Extant				Yes
Belize	V	Extant
Canada	N	Extant	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Cayman Islands (to UK)	V	Extant
Cuba	N	Extant				Yes
Greenland (to Denmark)	V	Extant
Jamaica	V	Extant
Japan	V	Extant
Mexico	N	Extant			Yes
Panama	V	Extant
Russia	V	Extant
Russia (Asian)	V	Extant
St Pierre and Miquelon (to France)	V	Extant				Yes
Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK)	N	Extant				Yes
United Kingdom	V	Extant
USA	N	Extant	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Canada	Twin Islands
Canada	Long Point Peninsula and Marshes

Habitats & altitude

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Rural Gardens	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Urban Areas	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Boreal	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Boreal	suitable	breeding
Forest	Temperate	marginal	non-breeding
Grassland	Tundra	suitable	breeding
Shrubland	Boreal	suitable	breeding
Shrubland	Temperate	suitable	breeding
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls)	suitable	breeding
Altitude		Occasional altitudinal limits

Utilisation

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-		International	Non-trivial	Recent

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Zonotrichia leucophrys. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 27/01/2023. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 27/01/2023.