• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	C2a(i)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2016	Vulnerable	C2a(i)
2013	Vulnerable	C2a(i)
2012	Vulnerable	C2a(i)
2008	Vulnerable	C2a(i)
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	altitudinal migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	Land-mass type - continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	106,000	medium
Number of locations	11-100	-
Severely fragmented?	yes	-

	Value	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Number of mature individuals	3300	medium	estimated	1995
Population trend	decreasing	poor	suspected	2008-2024
Decline % (10 years/3 generations future)	10-19	-	-	-
Decline % (10 years/3 generations past and future)	10-19	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	2-100	-	-	-
Percentage in largest subpopulation	1-89	-	-	-
Generation length (years)	5.2	-	-	-

Population justification: A population estimate of at least 5,000 individuals is derived from Gaston et al. (1981b) and McGowan and Garson (1995). This is roughly equivalent to 3,300 mature individuals. Recent reports of additional populations in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan and Himachal Pradesh may lead to an increase in the estimated global population size in the future, although conversely it has been suggested that the world population in the wild has been reduced to 2,500-3,500 individuals (S. Pandey per A. Rahmani in litt. 2012), prompting the need for wider surveys.

Trend justification: The species's population is likely to be in decline given the combined threats of trapping, hunting, disturbance by humans and livestock, and habitat degradation (F. Buner in litt. 2012), but this decline has not been quantified and is not thought to be particularly severe, thus the rate of decline is suspected to be moderate.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
India	extant	native	yes
Pakistan	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Pakistan	Machiara National Park
Pakistan	Palas valley
Pakistan	Naran Reserved Forest to Saif-ul-Maluk lake
Pakistan	Ayubia National Park and Kao valley, Dunga Gali
India	Daranghati Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Dhauludhar Wildlife Sanctuary and McLeod Gunj
India	Gamgul Siahbehi Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Great Himalayan National Park
India	Kais Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Kanawar Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Manali Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Rupi Bhaba Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Sangla (Raksham Chitkul) Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Sechu Tuan Nala Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Talra Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Tirthan Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Dehra Gali (DKG) forest
India	Kistwar National Park
India	Lachipora Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Limbar Valley Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Govind National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary, Sandra, Kotinad and Singtur ranges (Tons forest division)
Pakistan	Duber valley
Pakistan	Kayal valley
Pakistan	Qadir Gali area
Pakistan	Salkala Wildlife Sanctuary
India	Lambri Forest (Banjar Forest Division)
India	Khirganga National Park
India	Inderkilla National Park

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Temperate	major	resident
Altitude	1750 - 3600 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Gathering terrestrial plants - Unintentional effects (species is not the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Food - human	-	-			non-trivial	recent
Other household goods	-	-			non-trivial	recent
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-		international	non-trivial	recent

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Tragopan melanocephalus. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/western-tragopan-tragopan-melanocephalus on 26/09/2023. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org on 26/09/2023.