Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Not Recognised | |
| 1988 | Not Recognised |
| Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | medium |
| Land mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 47,700,000 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 55,000,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Severely Fragmented | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | 10000000-99999999 | poor | estimated | 2012 |
| Population trend | decreasing | estimated | - | |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Percentage in largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 3.4 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The European population is estimated at 1,500,000-4,260,000 pairs, which equates to 3,000,000-8,510,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). Europe forms approximately 10% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 30,000,000-85,100,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed.
Trend justification: This species has undergone a large and statistically significant decrease over the last 40 years in North America (-67.8% decline over 40 years, equating to a -24.7% decline per decade; data from Breeding Bird Survey and/or Christmas Bird Count: Butcher and Niven 2007). The European population size is estimated to be fluctuating (BirdLife International 2015).
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Belarus | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Belgium | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Bermuda (to UK) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Bulgaria | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Canada | extant | native | yes | |||
| China (mainland) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Czechia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Denmark | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Estonia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Faroe Islands (to Denmark) | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Finland | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| France | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Germany | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Greenland (to Denmark) | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Hungary | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Ireland | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Jamaica | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Japan | extant | native | yes | |||
| Kazakhstan | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Latvia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Lithuania | extant | native | yes | |||
| Mongolia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Montenegro | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Netherlands | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Norway | extant | native | yes | |||
| Poland | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Romania | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Russia | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Russia (Asian) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (Central Asian) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Russia (European) | extant | native | yes | |||
| Serbia | extant | vagrant | ||||
| Slovakia | extant | native | yes | |||
| Slovenia | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| South Korea | extant | native | yes | |||
| Spain | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| St Pierre and Miquelon (to France) | extant | native | yes | yes | ||
| Sweden | extant | native | yes | |||
| Switzerland | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| Ukraine | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| United Kingdom | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
| USA | extant | native | yes |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|---|
| Russia (Central Asian) | Basins of the Schuchya and Khadytayakha rivers |
| Russia (Central Asian) | Bol'shaya Indra lake |
| Russia (Central Asian) | Istochnoye, Sredneye and Schuch'ye lakes |
| Russia (Central Asian) | Molebny Kamen' ridge |
| Russia (Central Asian) | Poyasovy Kamen' ridge |
| Russia (Central Asian) | Zapovednik "Denezhkin Kamen'" |
| Russia (European) | Kivach Nature Reserve |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forest | Boreal | major | resident |
| Forest | Temperate | major | resident |
| Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food - human | - | - | non-trivial | recent | ||
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | non-trivial | recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Loxia leucoptera. Downloaded from
http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/two-barred-crossbill-loxia-leucoptera on 04/06/2023.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://datazone.birdlife.org on 04/06/2023.
