Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm#.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | A2bcd |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | Vulnerable | A2bcd |
| 2016 | Vulnerable | A2bcd+3bcd+4bcd |
| 2012 | Vulnerable | A2bcd+3bcd+4bcd |
| 2011 | Vulnerable | A2b,c,d; A3b,c,d; A4b,c,d |
| 2008 | Near Threatened | A2b,c,d; A3b,c,d; A4b,c,d |
| 2005 | Near Threatened | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | altitudinal migrant | Forest dependency | high |
| Land mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 207,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Severely Fragmented | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | 6000-15000 | medium | estimated | 2010 |
| Population trend | decreasing | poor | suspected | - |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
| Number of subpopulations | 2-10 | - | - | - |
| Percentage in largest subpopulation | 1-89 | - | - | - |
| Generation length (yrs) | 7.3 | - | - | - |
Population justification: In 2004, surveys recorded 6,015 individuals in Argentina (Rivera et al. 2007), while in 2006-2007 1,643 individuals were counted in Bolivia (Rivera et al. 2009). The total population is thus placed in the band 10,000-19,999 individuals (L. Rivera in litt. 2012). This is equivalent to 6,667-13,333 mature individuals, rounded here to 6,000-15,000 mature individuals. A precise quantification of the current population size is urgently required.
Trend justification: Survey results, observations on habitat loss and the species's local occurrence, and data on capture and trade show that the population is in decline (Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Agua 2009, L. Rivera in litt. 2011, MAyDS & AA 2017). The species's genetic variability was found to be low, which may be a consequence of a bottleneck and population decline in the past (Rocha et al. 2014).
Trapping as the main driver of the decline has reduced considerably since the species was included on CITES Appendix I in 1990, but is still ongoing particularly in Bolivia (L. Rivera in litt. 2004, Rivera et al. 2009, Pires et al. 2016). However, the largest roost in Argentina appears to have been stable since 2016 (L. Rivera and N. Politi in litt. 2020); while the population may start to recover in parts of the range declines are likely still ongoing in other parts due to ongoing trapping and habitat loss (Pires et al. 2016, Collar et al. 2020). Declines are tentatively placed in the band 30-49% over the past three generations (see MAyDS & AA 2017), but should the species continue to stabilise and recover the rate of decline may slow down in the near future.
| Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Argentina | extant | native | yes | |||
| Bolivia | extant | native | yes |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | major | non-breeding |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane | major | breeding |
| Altitude | 1600 - 2600 m | Occasional altitudinal limits | (min) 700 m |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 7 | ||||||
|
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| Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Natural system modifications | Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | international | non-trivial | recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Amazona tucumana. Downloaded from
http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/tucuman-amazon-amazona-tucumana on 05/06/2023.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://datazone.birdlife.org on 05/06/2023.
