• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm#.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	A2acde+3cde+4acde	A2acde+3cde+4acde; C1; D1

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2020	Endangered	A2acde+3cde+4acde
2016	Endangered	A2acde+3cde+4acde
2012	Endangered	A2acde+3cde+4acde
2008	Endangered	A2a,c,d,e; A3c,d,e; A4a,c,d,e
2006	Endangered
2004	Endangered
2002	Endangered
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Near Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	Does not normally occur in forest
Land mass type	Land-mass type - continent	Average mass	706 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	69,200	medium
Number of locations	11-100	-
Severely Fragmented		-

	Value	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals	250-999	medium	estimated	2020
Population trend	Decreasing	medium	estimated	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)	50-60	-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)	50-60	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Percentage in largest subpopulation	1-89	-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	5.2	-	-	-

Population justification: Based on counts on Lake Titicaca in 2003 (Martinez et al. 2006) and adults counted elsewhere in the Titicaca watershed (Engblom et al. 2001), the population was estimated at around 1,600 mature individuals. On Lake Titicaca itself, 2,583 individuals of all ages were counted; combined with smaller numbers elsewhere in the watershed, this represents a higher population than previously assumed. In 2007, 1,254 individuals were counted in the wet season (H. Aranibar-Rojas in litt. 2007). The species is however thought to decline at 50-60% over three generations; thus the population may number c. 600 mature individuals in 2020. To account for uncertainty, the population size is here placed in the band 250-999 mature individuals.

Trend justification: Surveys in the 1970s and 1980s led to population estimates of between 2,000-10,000 individuals, with at least 1,147 on Lake Umayo alone in 1986 (Engblom et al. 2001). Surveys in 2001 found just four individuals on Lake Umayo, and 156 adults on Lake Arapa, whereas 215 adults and 45 young were recorded from 16 lakes in the Peruvian range (Engblom et al. 2001). Counts during 1997 in Bolivia found a total of 100 individuals (Engblom et al. 2001). Further declines were indicated during a brief follow-up survey in 2003 (G. Engblom in litt. 2003), but surveys of Lake Titicaca in 2003 found a total of 2,583 individuals, which was thought likely to be an underestimate of the total population on the lake. In 2007 preliminary census data found 1,254 individuals in the wet season (H. Aranibar-Rojas in litt. 2007). A census on a small section of the Río Laka Jahuira (at Paso Julian) in 2004 found 138 mature individuals, and further surveys are needed along the entire eastern section of the river to confirm the size of this subpopulation (Konter 2006). In 2006, the total  population was estimated at 1,600 mature individuals (Martinez et al. 2006). Estimates suggest that the species declined by 15% between 2003 and 2005 (Asociación Armonia 2007). This equates to a decline of 50-60% over three generations. The greatest current threat to the species, bycatch in fishermen's gill-nets, is continuing.

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Presence	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Bolivia	N	Extant	Yes
Peru	N	Extant	Yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Bolivia	Lago Poopó y Río Laka Jahuira
Bolivia	Lago Titicaca (Sector Boliviano)
Peru	Laguna Suytococha
Peru	Laguna Umayo
Peru	Ramis y Arapa (Lago Titicaca, sector Peruano)
Peru	Laguna de Chacas

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	major	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)	major	resident
Altitude	3000 - 4300 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Biological resource use	Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Very Rapid Declines		High Impact: 8
		Stresses Species mortality
Biological resource use	Gathering terrestrial plants - Unintentional effects (species is not the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality
Human intrusions & disturbance	Recreational activities	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Species disturbance
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Oncorhynchus mykiss	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality
Natural system modifications	Dams & water management/use - Abstraction of ground water (commercial use)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Future		Minority (<50%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Pollution	Garbage & solid waste	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Pollution	Industrial & military effluents - Seepage from mining	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Rapid Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Food - human	-	-			Non-trivial	Recent

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Rollandia microptera. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 03/02/2023. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 03/02/2023.