Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
- | - | C2a(ii) |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2018 | Vulnerable | C2a(ii) |
2016 | Vulnerable | C2a(ii) |
2012 | Vulnerable | C2a(ii) |
2008 | Vulnerable | C2a(ii) |
2006 | Vulnerable | |
2004 | Vulnerable | |
2000 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
1994 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
1988 | Threatened |
Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | does not normally occur in forest |
Land-mass type |
Land-mass type - continent |
Average mass | - |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 2,360,000 | medium |
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 3,070,000 | medium |
Number of locations | 11-100 | - |
Severely fragmented? | no | - |
Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Number of mature individuals | 3300-5300 | medium | estimated | 2003 |
Population trend | decreasing | medium | suspected | - |
Decline % (10 years/3 generations future) | 10-19 | - | - | - |
Number of subpopulations | 1 | - | - | - |
Percentage in largest subpopulation | 100 | - | - | - |
Generation length (years) | 12.2 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The total population has been estimated at 5,000-8,000 individuals (T. Dodman in litt. 2002), and a total population estimate of fewer than 10,000 individuals is supported by Dinesen and Baker (2006). The range of 5,000-8,000 individuals roughly equates to 3,300-5,300 mature individuals.
Trend justification: There is little doubt that the species is declining in Tanzania, Zambia and Rwanda, with declines perhaps in Uganda as well, and the species may be more threatened than available information suggests (L. Dinesen in litt. 2007).
Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Central African Republic | extant | native | yes | |||
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | extant | native | yes | |||
Ethiopia | extant | vagrant | yes | |||
Rwanda | extant | native | yes | |||
South Sudan | extant | native | yes | |||
Sudan | extant | native | yes | |||
Tanzania | extant | native | yes | |||
Uganda | extant | native | yes | |||
Zambia | extant | native | yes |
Country/Territory | IBA Name |
---|---|
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | Virunga National Park |
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | Upemba National Park |
Congo, The Democratic Republic of the | Lufira valley |
Ethiopia | Baro river |
Ethiopia | Gambella National Park |
Rwanda | Akagera National Park |
South Sudan | Sudd (Bahr-el-Jebel system) |
South Sudan | Boma |
Tanzania | Burigi - Biharamulo Game Reserves |
Tanzania | Moyowosi - Kigosi Game Reserves |
Uganda | Queen Elizabeth National Park and Lake George |
Uganda | Kyambura Wildlife Reserve |
Uganda | Semliki reserves |
Uganda | Lake Mburo National Park |
Uganda | Nabugabo wetland |
Uganda | Mabamba Bay |
Uganda | Murchison Falls National Park |
Uganda | Ajai Wildlife Reserve |
Uganda | Lake Nakuwa |
Uganda | Lake Bisina |
Uganda | Lake Opeta |
Zambia | Bangweulu Swamps |
Zambia | Mweru Wantipa National Park |
Zambia | Sumbu National Park and Tondwa Game Management Area |
Uganda | Nabajjuzi Wetland |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine | Artificial/Aquatic - Seasonally Flooded Agricultural Land | suitable | resident |
Artificial/Terrestrial | Arable Land | suitable | resident |
Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha) | major | resident |
Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) | major | resident |
Wetlands (inland) | Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha) | major | resident |
Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Agriculture & aquaculture | Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Persecution/control | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Climate change & severe weather | Droughts | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Energy production & mining | Oil & gas drilling | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Human intrusions & disturbance | War, civil unrest & military exercises | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Human intrusions & disturbance | Work & other activities | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Bos taurus | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Problematic native species/diseases - Unspecified species | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Natural system modifications | Dams & water management/use - Large dams | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Natural system modifications | Fire & fire suppression - Trend Unknown/Unrecorded | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Pollution | Agricultural & forestry effluents - Herbicides and pesticides | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Pollution | Industrial & military effluents - Oil spills | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Pollution | Industrial & military effluents - Type Unknown/Unrecorded | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Transportation & service corridors | Roads & railroads | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food - human | - | - | - | non-trivial | recent | |
Food - human | - | - | non-trivial | recent | ||
Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | - | non-trivial | recent | |
Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | international | non-trivial | recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Balaeniceps rex. Downloaded from
http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/shoebill-balaeniceps-rex on 05/10/2023.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://datazone.birdlife.org on 05/10/2023.