LC
Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea



Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Cramp, S. and Perrins, C.M. 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Cramp, S.; Perrins, C. M. 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
del Hoyo, J.; Collar, N. J.; Christie, D. A.; Elliott, A.; Fishpool, L. D. C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International.

IUCN Red List criteria met and history
Red List criteria met
Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable
- - -

Red List history
Year Category Criteria
2016 Least Concern
2012 Least Concern
2009 Least Concern
2008 Least Concern
2004 Least Concern
2000 Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994 Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988 Lower Risk/Least Concern
Species attributes

Migratory status full migrant Forest dependency does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type Average mass -
Range

Estimate Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) 43,100,000 km2 medium
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding) 37,900,000 km2 medium
Severely fragmented? no -
Population
Estimate Data quality Derivation Year of estimate
Population size unknown poor estimated 2012
Population trend unknown - - -
Generation length 10.9 years - - -

Population justification: The global population is estimated to number c.170,000-220,000 individuals (Wetlands International 2015). The European population is estimated at 17,000-26,500 pairs, which equates to 33,900-53,100 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015).

Trend justification: The overall population trend is uncertain, as some populations are decreasing, while others have unknown trends (Wetlands International 2015). The European population trend is unknown (BirdLife International 2015).


Country/territory distribution
Country/Territory Presence Origin Resident Breeding visitor Non-breeding visitor Passage migrant
Afghanistan extant native yes
Albania extant native yes
Algeria extant native
Armenia extant native yes
Austria extant vagrant
Azerbaijan extant native yes
Bahrain extant vagrant yes
Bangladesh extant native
Belarus extant vagrant
Belgium extant vagrant
Bhutan extant native yes
Bosnia and Herzegovina extant vagrant
Bulgaria extant native yes
China (mainland) extant native
Croatia extant vagrant
Cyprus extant native yes
Czechia extant vagrant yes
Denmark extant native yes
Egypt extant native
Eritrea extant vagrant
Ethiopia extant native
Finland extant vagrant
France extant vagrant
Georgia extant native yes
Germany extant vagrant yes
Greece extant native yes
Greenland (to Denmark) extant vagrant
Hong Kong (China) extant vagrant
Hungary extant vagrant
Iceland extant vagrant
India extant native
Iran, Islamic Republic of extant native yes
Iraq extant native yes
Ireland extant vagrant
Israel extant native
Italy extant native yes
Japan extant vagrant
Jordan extant vagrant
Kazakhstan extant native yes
Kuwait extant native yes yes
Kyrgyzstan extant native yes
Laos extant native
Lebanon extant vagrant yes
Libya extant native
Liechtenstein extant vagrant
Malta extant vagrant
Moldova extant native yes yes
Mongolia extant native yes
Montenegro extant vagrant
Morocco extant native yes
Myanmar extant native yes
Nepal extant native
Netherlands extant vagrant yes
North Korea extant vagrant
North Macedonia extant vagrant yes
Norway extant vagrant
Oman extant native yes yes
Pakistan extant native
Palestine extant vagrant yes
Poland extant vagrant
Portugal extant vagrant
Qatar extant native yes
Romania extant native yes yes
Russia extant native yes yes yes
Russia (Asian) extant native yes
Russia (Central Asian) extant native yes
Russia (European) extant native yes yes
Saudi Arabia extant native yes
Serbia extant vagrant
Seychelles extant vagrant
Slovakia extant vagrant
Slovenia extant vagrant
South Korea extant native
Spain extant native yes
Sri Lanka extant vagrant
Sudan extant native yes
Sweden extant vagrant
Switzerland extant vagrant yes
Syria extant native yes yes
Taiwan, China extant vagrant
Tajikistan extant native yes
Thailand extant native
Tunisia extant native
Türkiye extant native yes yes
Turkmenistan extinct native yes
Ukraine extant native yes
United Arab Emirates extant native yes
United Kingdom extant vagrant
Uzbekistan extant native yes
Vietnam extant native
Western Sahara extant native yes
Yemen extant vagrant

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)
Country/Territory IBA Name
Azerbaijan Gizilagach
Türkiye Marmara Lake
Türkiye Büyük Menderes Delta
Türkiye Karataş Lake
Türkiye Yarışlı Lake
Türkiye Balıkdamı
Türkiye Sultan Marsh
Türkiye Yedikır Reservoir
Türkiye Ereğli Plain
Türkiye Karapınar Plain
Türkiye Haçlı Lake
Türkiye Aktaş Lake
Türkiye Çıldır Lake
Moldova Congaz – Taraclia Lakes
Greece Lakes Chortarolimni and Alyki, Moudros gulf, Diapori fen and Fakos peninsula, Limnos
Greece Psili Ammos lagoon, Samos
Greece Lake Ismarida (Mitrikou)
Greece Mount Dikaios, lake Psalidi and Alyki lagoon, Kos
Russia (European) Dadynskiye lakes
Ukraine Kazantip Cape, Aktash lake and Astanins'ka marsh
Ukraine Uzunlars'ke lake
Ukraine Bagerove
Ukraine Askania-Nova Biosphere Reserve
Ukraine Stanychno-Lugans'ke fish-farm
Ukraine Kinburns'kyj peninsula
Algeria Dayet El Ferd
Morocco Merja Zerga
Morocco Barrage Mohamed V
Morocco Barrage Idriss Premier
Morocco Parc Naturel d'Ifrane
Morocco Aguelmane n'Tifounassine
Morocco Aguelmane de Sidi Ali Ta'nzoult
Morocco Barrage al Massira
Morocco Sebkha Zima
Morocco Merzouga/Tamezguidat
Morocco Barrage al Mansour Ad-Dhabi
Morocco Msseyed
Morocco Lagune de Khnifiss
Iraq Attariya Plains
Iran, Islamic Republic of Lake Kobi
Iran, Islamic Republic of Nowruzlu and Ghazanlu
Iran, Islamic Republic of Karun river marshes
Iran, Islamic Republic of Izeh and Sheikho lakes
Iran, Islamic Republic of Gandoman marsh
Iran, Islamic Republic of Gavekhoni lake, and marshes of the lower Zaindeh Rud
Iran, Islamic Republic of Lake Uromiyeh
Iran, Islamic Republic of Haft Barm
Iran, Islamic Republic of Arjan Protected Area
Iran, Islamic Republic of Lake Maharlu
Iran, Islamic Republic of Lake Bakhtegan, Lake Tashk and Kamjan marshes
Iran, Islamic Republic of Harm lake
Iran, Islamic Republic of Shur Gol, Yadegarlu and Dorgeh Sangi lakes
Iran, Islamic Republic of Hamoun-i Sabari and Hamoun-i Hirmand
Iran, Islamic Republic of Gordeh Git and Mamiyand
Iran, Islamic Republic of Hilleh Protected Area
Syria Sabkhat al-Jabboul
Russia (European) Rakhinski forest
Russia (European) Khanskoye Lake
Bhutan Ada lake / Puna Tsangchu
China (mainland) Shuangtai (Shuangtaizi) Estuary and Inner Gulf of Liaodong
China (mainland) Changtang plateau
China (mainland) Siling Co Nature Reserve
China (mainland) Qinghai Hu (Koko Nor)
China (mainland) Cao Hai Nature Reserve
Myanmar Ayeyarwady River: Shwegu Section
Myanmar Ayeyarwady River: Singu Section
Myanmar Ayeyarwady River: Sinbyugyun to Minbu Section
Myanmar Ayeyarwady Delta (including Meinmahla Kyun)
Mongolia Khoton-Khorgon Lakes
Mongolia Dayan Lake
Mongolia Tolbo Lake
Mongolia Achit Lake
Mongolia Uureg Lake
Mongolia Uvs Lake
Mongolia Airag Lake
Mongolia Baga and Bayan Lakes
Mongolia Khar Us Lake
Mongolia Khar Lake
Mongolia Zavkhan River - Ereen Lake
Mongolia Orog Lake
Mongolia Khomiin Tal
Mongolia Telmen Lake
Mongolia Erkhel Lake
Mongolia Darkhad Depression
Mongolia Khovsgol Lake
Mongolia Khovsgoliin Sangiin Dalai Lake
Mongolia Airkhan Lake
Mongolia Dashinchilen Bayan Lake
Mongolia Terkhiin Tsagaan Lake
Mongolia Ogii Lake
Mongolia Selengiin Tsagaan Lake
Mongolia Delta of Orkhon and Selenge Rivers
Mongolia Valleys of Khurkh-Khuiten Rivers
Mongolia Onon-Balj
Mongolia Mongol Daguur
Mongolia Buir Lake
Mongolia Tashgain Tavan Lakes
Mongolia Tsengeleg Lakes
Mongolia Ganga Lakes
Pakistan Rann of Kutch Wildlife Sanctuary
Russia (Asian) Ulukhkol' lake
Russia (Asian) Sayan reservoir (Tuva part)
Russia (Asian) Khadyn lake
Myanmar Ayeyarwady River: Myitkyina to Sinbo Section
Myanmar Ayeyarwady River: Bhamo Section
India Manjira Wildlife Sanctuary
India Nalabana Bird Sanctuary (Chilika Lake)
India Kaliveli Tank and Yeduyanthittu estuary
India Asan Barrage
Georgia Bogdasheni Lake
Azerbaijan Aggyol
Kazakhstan Kyzylkol Lake
Kazakhstan Sorbulak Lake System
Russia (Central Asian) Blagoveschenskaya (Kulunda lake and vicinity)
Russia (European) Shcherbakovskaya bend of Volga river
Mongolia Taigam Lake
Mongolia Taatsiin Tsagaan Lake
Bulgaria Ludogorie
Bulgaria Lomovete
Bulgaria Srebarna
Bulgaria Harsovska Reka
Uzbekistan Tuzkan Lake
Turkmenistan Tallymerjen
Tajikistan Bulunkul and Yashilkul lakes and mountains
Tajikistan Zorkul Nature Reserve (Lake Victoria)
Tajikistan Karakul lake and mountains
Tajikistan Rangkul valley (Rangkul & Shorkul Lakes)
Tajikistan Dzhavshangoz
Tajikistan Drumkul Lake
Kazakhstan Kulykol-Taldykol Lake System
Kazakhstan Lesser Aral Sea
Kazakhstan Tuzkol Lake
Tajikistan Dangara massif
Kazakhstan Shalkar Lake
Russia (European) Manych salt lakes
Russia (European) Kurnikov liman
Russia (European) Chonta
Uzbekistan Chimkurgan Reservoir
Kazakhstan Ters-Ashchibulak Reservoir
Russia (European) Southern part of Chograiski reservoir
Russia (European) Lysyi Liman lake and valley of Vostochniy Manych river
Russia (European) Manychstroi area
Kazakhstan Uyalyshalkar Lake System
Kazakhstan Kumdykol-Zharlykol Lake System
Uzbekistan Karnabchul Steppe
Kazakhstan Tentek River Delta
Türkiye Kuyucuk Lake
Türkiye Erçek Lake
Türkiye Seyfe Lake
Türkiye Hirfanlı Reservoir
Türkiye Hörmetçi Marshes
Türkiye Palas Lake
Türkiye Kulu Lake
Türkiye Tuz Lake
Türkiye Bolluk Lake
Türkiye Çöl Lake and Çalıkdüzü
Türkiye Sarıyar Reservoir
Türkiye Burdur Lake
Türkiye Acıgöl Lake
Türkiye Çorak Lake
Türkiye Çığlıkara Forests (and Avlan Lake)
Türkiye Gediz Delta
Türkiye Sodalıgöl (Arın Lake)
Türkiye Çelebibağı Reedbeds
Russia (European) Kazachka
Romania Allah Bair - Capidava
Uzbekistan Kattakurgan Reservoir
Romania Lake Bugeac
Romania Dealurile Dorobanţu
Romania Lake Dunăreni
Romania Lake Oltina
Kyrgyzstan Eastern Issyk Kul Lake
Kyrgyzstan Son-Kul Lake
Kyrgyzstan Lake Chatyr-Kul
Mongolia Oigon Lake
Mongolia Teshigiin Olon Lakes
Mongolia Zavkhan River - Ereen Lake
Kazakhstan Tuzashchy and Karasor Lakes
Kazakhstan Zhumay-Mayshukyr Lake System
Kazakhstan Korgalzhyn State Nature Reserve
China (mainland) Ulungur Hu and Jili Hu (Fu Hai)
China (mainland) Oasis, Desert and Wetland at Mosuowan
China (mainland) Desert and wetland from Northern Urumqi to Dabancheng
China (mainland) Barkol Lake and grassland
China (mainland) Ebi Nur and Kuytun River
China (mainland) Bayanbulak and Kaidu River Valley
China (mainland) Mengjin Huanghe Nature Reserve
China (mainland) Zhengzhou Huanghe Wetland Nature Reserve
Kazakhstan Russkiy Zharkol
Iraq Mosul Lake
Greece Kalloni Gulf, Lesvos
Russia (European) Delta of the River Don
Russia (European) Islands in the western part of Lake Manych-Gudilo
Russia (Asian) Trekhozerki lakes

Habitats & altitude
Habitat (level 1) Habitat (level 2) Importance Occurrence
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine Artificial/Aquatic - Water Storage Areas (over 8ha) suitable non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial Arable Land suitable non-breeding
Grassland Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded suitable non-breeding
Wetlands (inland) Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) suitable non-breeding
Wetlands (inland) Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) suitable breeding
Wetlands (inland) Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha) suitable non-breeding
Wetlands (inland) Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha) suitable breeding
Wetlands (inland) Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) suitable non-breeding
Wetlands (inland) Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) suitable breeding
Wetlands (inland) Permanent Saline, Brackish or Alkaline Lakes suitable breeding
Altitude   Occasional altitudinal limits  

Threats & impact
Threat (level 1) Threat (level 2) Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture Livestock farming & ranching - Scale Unknown/Unrecorded Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Negligible declines Low Impact: 4
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Species mortality
Energy production & mining Mining & quarrying Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Negligible declines Low Impact: 4
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Tadorna cana Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) No decline Low Impact: 4
Stresses
Hybridisation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Negligible declines Low Impact: 4
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases Viral/prion-induced diseases - Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1 subtype) Timing Scope Severity Impact
Past, Likely to Return Majority (50-90%) Slow, Significant Declines Past Impact
Stresses
Species mortality
Natural system modifications Dams & water management/use - Abstraction of ground water (agricultural use) Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Negligible declines Low Impact: 4
Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Reduced reproductive success, Species mortality
Natural system modifications Dams & water management/use - Abstraction of surface water (unknown use) Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Negligible declines Low Impact: 4
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation
Pollution Domestic & urban waste water - Type Unknown/Unrecorded Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Negligible declines Low Impact: 4
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation
Residential & commercial development Housing & urban areas Timing Scope Severity Impact
Past, Likely to Return Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Past Impact
Stresses
Species disturbance, Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Utilisation
Purpose Primary form used Life stage used Source Scale Level Timing
Food - human - - - non-trivial recent
Pets/display animals, horticulture - - - international non-trivial recent
Sport hunting/specimen collecting - - - non-trivial recent

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Tadorna ferruginea. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/ruddy-shelduck-tadorna-ferruginea on 03/12/2023.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org on 03/12/2023.