Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Cramp, S. and Perrins, C.M. 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Cramp, S.; Perrins, C. M. 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
del Hoyo, J.; Collar, N. J.; Christie, D. A.; Elliott, A.; Fishpool, L. D. C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge UK: Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | Does not normally occur in forest |
| Land mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 43,100,000 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 37,900,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Severely Fragmented | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | poor | estimated | 2012 | |
| Population trend | Unknown | not applicable | - | |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Percentage in largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 10.9 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population is estimated to number c.170,000-220,000 individuals (Wetlands International 2015). The European population is estimated at 17,000-26,500 pairs, which equates to 33,900-53,100 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015).
Trend justification: The overall population trend is uncertain, as some populations are decreasing, while others have unknown trends (Wetlands International 2015). The European population trend is unknown (BirdLife International 2015).
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Albania | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Algeria | N | Extant | ||||
| Armenia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Austria | V | Extant | ||||
| Azerbaijan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bahrain | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bangladesh | N | Extant | ||||
| Belarus | V | Extant | ||||
| Belgium | V | Extant | ||||
| Bhutan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | V | Extant | ||||
| Bulgaria | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| China (mainland) | N | Extant | ||||
| Croatia | V | Extant | ||||
| Cyprus | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Czechia | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Denmark | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Egypt | N | Extant | ||||
| Eritrea | V | Extant | ||||
| Ethiopia | N | Extant | ||||
| Finland | V | Extant | ||||
| France | V | Extant | ||||
| Georgia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Germany | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Greece | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Greenland (to Denmark) | V | Extant | ||||
| Hong Kong (China) | V | Extant | ||||
| Hungary | V | Extant | ||||
| Iceland | V | Extant | ||||
| India | N | Extant | ||||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Iraq | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Ireland | V | Extant | ||||
| Israel | N | Extant | ||||
| Italy | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Japan | V | Extant | ||||
| Jordan | V | Extant | ||||
| Kazakhstan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Kuwait | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Kyrgyzstan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Laos | N | Extant | ||||
| Lebanon | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Libya | N | Extant | ||||
| Liechtenstein | V | Extant | ||||
| Malta | V | Extant | ||||
| Moldova | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Mongolia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Montenegro | V | Extant | ||||
| Morocco | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Myanmar | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Nepal | N | Extant | ||||
| Netherlands | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| North Korea | V | Extant | ||||
| North Macedonia | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Norway | V | Extant | ||||
| Oman | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Pakistan | N | Extant | ||||
| Palestine | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Poland | V | Extant | ||||
| Portugal | V | Extant | ||||
| Qatar | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Romania | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Russia | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| Russia (Asian) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Russia (Central Asian) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Russia (European) | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Saudi Arabia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Serbia | V | Extant | ||||
| Seychelles | V | Extant | ||||
| Slovakia | V | Extant | ||||
| Slovenia | V | Extant | ||||
| South Korea | N | Extant | ||||
| Spain | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sri Lanka | V | Extant | ||||
| Sudan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sweden | V | Extant | ||||
| Switzerland | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Syria | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Taiwan, China | V | Extant | ||||
| Tajikistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Thailand | N | Extant | ||||
| Tunisia | N | Extant | ||||
| Turkey | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Turkmenistan | N | Extinct | Yes | |||
| Ukraine | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| United Arab Emirates | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| United Kingdom | V | Extant | ||||
| Uzbekistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Vietnam | N | Extant | ||||
| Western Sahara | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Yemen | V | Extant |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Aquatic & Marine | Artificial/Aquatic - Water Storage Areas (over 8ha) | suitable | non-breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Arable Land | suitable | non-breeding |
| Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded | suitable | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) | suitable | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) | suitable | breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha) | suitable | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha) | suitable | breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) | suitable | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) | suitable | breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Saline, Brackish or Alkaline Lakes | suitable | breeding |
| Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Livestock farming & ranching - Scale Unknown/Unrecorded | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Energy production & mining | Mining & quarrying | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Tadorna cana | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | No decline | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Viral/prion-induced diseases - Avian Influenza Virus (H5N1 subtype) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Past, Likely to Return | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Past Impact | ||||||
|
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| Natural system modifications | Dams & water management/use - Abstraction of ground water (agricultural use) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Natural system modifications | Dams & water management/use - Abstraction of surface water (unknown use) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Pollution | Domestic & urban waste water - Type Unknown/Unrecorded | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 4 | ||||||
|
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| Residential & commercial development | Housing & urban areas | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Past, Likely to Return | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Past Impact | ||||||
|
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| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food - human | - | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent | |
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | - | International | Non-trivial | Recent |
| Sport hunting/specimen collecting | - | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Tadorna ferruginea. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 21/03/2023.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 21/03/2023.
