Data Zone
Taxonomic note
Oxyura jamaicensis and O. ferruginea (incorporating andina) (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) were previously lumped as O. jamaicensis following SACC (2005), and before then were split as O. jamaicensis (incorporating andina) and O. ferruginea following Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993).
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2018 | Least Concern | |
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2014 | Least Concern |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | Does not normally occur in forest |
| Land mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 21,000,000 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 17,600,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Severely Fragmented | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | 0 | |||
| Population trend | Decreasing | suspected | - | |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Percentage in largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 6.2 | - | - | - |
Trend justification: The overall population trend is decreasing, although some populations may be stable and others have unknown trends (Wetlands International 2006). This species has undergone a small or statistically insignificant increase over the last 40 years in North America (data from Breeding Bird Survey and/or Christmas Bird Count: Butcher and Niven 2007).
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algeria | V | Extant | ||||
| Anguilla (to UK) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Antigua and Barbuda | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Austria | I | Extant | ||||
| Bahamas | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Barbados | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Belgium | I | Extant | ||||
| Bermuda (to UK) | N | Extant | ||||
| Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (to Netherlands) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Canada | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Cayman Islands (to UK) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Cuba | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Curaçao (to Netherlands) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Denmark | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Dominica | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Dominican Republic | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| El Salvador | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Finland | V | Extant | ||||
| France | I | Extant | ||||
| Germany | I | Extant | ||||
| Grenada | V | Extant | ||||
| Guadeloupe (to France) | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Guatemala | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Haiti | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Honduras | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Hungary | V | Extant | ||||
| Iceland | I | Extant | ||||
| Ireland | I | Extant | ||||
| Israel | V | Extant | ||||
| Italy | V | Extant | ||||
| Jamaica | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Martinique (to France) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Mexico | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Montserrat (to UK) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Morocco | I | Extant | ||||
| Netherlands | I | Extant | ||||
| Nicaragua | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Norway | I | Extant | ||||
| Portugal | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Puerto Rico (to USA) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sint Maarten (to Netherlands) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Slovenia | V | Extant | ||||
| Spain | I | Extant | ||||
| St Kitts and Nevis | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| St Lucia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| St Pierre and Miquelon (to France) | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| St Vincent and the Grenadines | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sweden | I | Extant | ||||
| Switzerland | I | Extant | ||||
| Tunisia | V | Extant | ||||
| Turkey | V | Extant | ||||
| Turks and Caicos Islands (to UK) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| United Kingdom | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| USA | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | Yes | |
| Virgin Islands (to UK) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Virgin Islands (to USA) | N | Extant | Yes |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|---|
| Mexico | Lago de Texcoco |
| Canada | Long Point Peninsula and Marshes |
| Canada | St. Mary's River Complex (Echo Bay ON to Maxton Bay MI) |
| Canada | Eyebrow Lake |
| Jamaica | Black River Great Morass |
| Bahamas | Great Inagua |
| Bahamas | Harrold and Wilson Ponds National Park |
| Dominican Republic | Cabral Lagoon |
| Dominican Republic | Limón Lagoon |
| Sint Maarten (to Netherlands) | Little Bay, Sint Maarten |
| St Vincent and the Grenadines | Ashton Wetland |
| St Vincent and the Grenadines | Mustique Island |
| Antigua and Barbuda | Valley Church Bay |
| St Lucia | Iyanola and Grande Anses, Esperance and Fond D'ors |
| Antigua and Barbuda | Bethesda Dam |
| Virgin Islands (to USA) | Southgate and Green Cay |
| USA | Salton Sea |
| Mexico | Bahía de Ceuta - Cospita |
| Mexico | Cuenca baja del Río Papagayo |
| Mexico | Presa de Valsequillo |
| Mexico | Ciénega de Tláhuac |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marine Coastal/Supratidal | Coastal Brackish/Saline Lagoons/Marine Lakes | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Estuaries | suitable | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands | major | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands | major | breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) | major | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha) | major | breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha) | suitable | non-breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha) | suitable | breeding |
| Wetlands (inland) | Permanent Saline, Brackish or Alkaline Lakes | suitable | non-breeding |
| Altitude | 0 - 2200 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food - human | - | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent | |
| Food - human | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent | ||
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | - | International | Non-trivial | Recent |
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | International | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2021) Species factsheet: Oxyura jamaicensis. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 23/09/2021.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2021) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 23/09/2021.
