Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Cramp, S. and Simmons, K.E.L. (eds). 1977-1994. Handbook of the birds of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The birds of the western Palearctic. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm#.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2018 | Least Concern | |
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern | |
| 2009 | Least Concern | |
| 2008 | Least Concern | |
| 2004 | Least Concern | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | Medium |
| Land mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 28,400,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Severely Fragmented | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | unknown | not applicable | not applicable | 0 |
| Population trend | Increasing | suspected | - | |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Percentage in largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 7.6 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population size has not been quantified, but the species is reported to be common to abundant throughout its natural range (del Hoyo et al. 1997), while the population in Japan has been estimated at c.100-10,000 introduced breeding pairs (Brazil 2009).
Trend justification: The population is suspected to be increasing as ongoing habitat degradation is creating new areas of suitable habitat.
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Austria | I | Extinct | Yes | |||
| Bahrain | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bangladesh | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Belgium | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Benin | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bhutan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Burkina Faso | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Cameroon | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Cape Verde | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| Central African Republic | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Chad | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| China (mainland) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Côte d'Ivoire | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Cuba | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Djibouti | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Egypt | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Eritrea | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Ethiopia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| France | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Gambia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Germany | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Ghana | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Guinea | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Guinea-Bissau | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Hong Kong (China) | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| India | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Iraq | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Israel | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Italy | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Japan | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Jordan | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Kenya | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Kuwait | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Lebanon | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Liberia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Macao (China) | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Maldives | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Mali | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Mauritania | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Mauritius | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Myanmar | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Nepal | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Netherlands | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Niger | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Nigeria | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Oman | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Pakistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Portugal | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Puerto Rico (to USA) | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Qatar | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Saudi Arabia | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Senegal | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sierra Leone | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Singapore | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Slovenia | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Somalia | V | Extant | Yes | |||
| South Africa | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| South Sudan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Spain | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sri Lanka | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sudan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Syria | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Togo | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Turkey | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Uganda | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| United Arab Emirates | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| United Kingdom | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| USA | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Venezuela | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Vietnam | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Yemen | I | Extant | Yes |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Arable Land | suitable | resident |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Rural Gardens | suitable | resident |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level | suitable | resident |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | suitable | resident |
| Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | resident |
| Savanna | Dry | suitable | resident |
| Shrubland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | resident |
| Wetlands (inland) | Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands | suitable | resident |
| Altitude | 0 - 2000 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food - human | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent | ||
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | International | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2021) Species factsheet: Alexandrinus krameri. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 24/10/2021.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2021) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 24/10/2021.
