Data Zone
Taxonomic note
Acanthis flammea (del Hoyo and Collar 2016) was previously placed in the genus Carduelis following Ottvall et al. (2002).
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2018 | Least Concern | |
| 2016 | Least Concern | |
| 2013 | Least Concern | |
| 2012 | Least Concern |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | Medium |
| Land mass type | Average mass | 13 g |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 61,700,000 | medium |
| Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 86,700,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Severely Fragmented | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | 50000000-149999999 | poor | estimated | 2012 |
| Population trend | Decreasing | estimated | - | |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Percentage in largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 4.5 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The European population is estimated at 6,070,000-14,500,000 pairs, which equates to 12,100,000-29,000,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). Europe forms c.20% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 60,500,000-145,000,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed.
Trend justification: C. f. flammea species has undergone a large and statistically significant decrease over the last 40 years in North America (-77% decline over 40 years, equating to a -30.7% decline per decade; data from Breeding Bird Survey and/or Christmas Bird Count. In Europe the population size is estimated to be fluctuating (BirdLife International 2015).
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| Austria | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Azerbaijan | N | Extant | ||||
| Bahamas | V | Extant | ||||
| Belarus | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Belgium | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Bermuda (to UK) | V | Extant | ||||
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | V | Extant | ||||
| Bulgaria | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Canada | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| China (mainland) | N | Extant | ||||
| Croatia | V | Extant | ||||
| Cyprus | V | Extant | ||||
| Czechia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Denmark | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Estonia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Faroe Islands (to Denmark) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Finland | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| France | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Germany | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Greenland (to Denmark) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Hungary | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Iceland | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Ireland | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Italy | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Jamaica | V | Extant | ||||
| Japan | N | Extant | ||||
| Kazakhstan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Latvia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Liechtenstein | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Lithuania | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Luxembourg | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Malta | V | Extant | ||||
| Moldova | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Mongolia | N | Extant | ||||
| Montenegro | N | Extant | ||||
| Netherlands | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| New Zealand | I | Extant | Yes | |||
| North Korea | N | Extant | ||||
| Norway | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Poland | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Portugal | V | Extant | ||||
| Romania | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Russia | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Russia (Asian) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Russia (Central Asian) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Russia (European) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Serbia | N | Extant | ||||
| Slovakia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Slovenia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| South Korea | N | Extant | ||||
| Spain | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| St Pierre and Miquelon (to France) | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
| Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands (to Norway) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Sweden | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Switzerland | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Turkey | V | Extant | ||||
| Ukraine | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| United Kingdom | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| USA | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Uzbekistan | N | Extant |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Plantations | suitable | breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Plantations | suitable | non-breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Rural Gardens | suitable | breeding |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Rural Gardens | suitable | non-breeding |
| Forest | Boreal | major | breeding |
| Forest | Boreal | major | non-breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | major | breeding |
| Forest | Temperate | major | non-breeding |
| Shrubland | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
| Shrubland | Temperate | suitable | non-breeding |
| Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change & severe weather | Habitat shifting & alteration | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Future | Whole (>90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
|||||||||
| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food - human | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent | ||
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | International | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Acanthis flammea. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 24/03/2023.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 24/03/2023.
