• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm#.
Sangster, G., Sweet, A. & Johnson, K. 2018. Paraclaravis, a new genus for the Purple-winged and Maroon-chested Ground-doves (Aves: Columbidae). Zootaxa 4461(134): 10.11646/zootaxa.4461.1.10.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
C2a(i)	C2a(i); D	B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v); C2a(i); D1

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2016	Critically Endangered	C2a(i)
2012	Critically Endangered	C2a(i)
2010	Critically Endangered	C2a(i)
2009	Critically Endangered	C2a(i)
2008	Critically Endangered
2006	Critically Endangered
2004	Critically Endangered
2000	Endangered
1996	Critically Endangered
1994	Critically Endangered
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	nomadic	Forest dependency	medium
Land mass type	land-mass type - continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	492,000	medium
Number of locations	6-10	-
Severely Fragmented		-

	Value	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals	50-249	poor	estimated	2003
Population trend	decreasing	poor	suspected	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)	1-19	-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)		-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	2-100	-	-	-
Percentage in largest subpopulation		-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	4.6	-	-	-

Population justification: The population is placed in the band 50-249 mature individuals, equating to 75-374 individuals in total, rounded here to 70-400 individuals. Dedicated surveys and quantified population estimates would be desirable to confirm this.

Trend justification: The population is suspected to be declining at a rate of 1-19% over ten years, in line with habitat loss within its highly fragmented range. Given the patchy nature, spatially and temporally, of bamboo stands, and the known impact that habitat fragmentation has had on other semi-colonial Columbiformes historically, it may have declined or be continuing to decline at a much more rapid rate, with serious conservation implications.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Argentina	extant	native		yes
Brazil	possibly extinct	native		yes
Paraguay	extant	native		yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Argentina	Parque Nacional Iguazú y alrededores
Argentina	Parque Provincial Urugua-í
Brazil	Área de Proteção Ambiental de Guaratuba
Brazil	Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar (entre Caraguatatuba e Picinguaba)
Brazil	Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar (entre Santos e São Sebastião)
Brazil	Parque Nacional de Itatiaia
Brazil	Parque Nacional do Iguaçu
Brazil	Santa Teresa
Brazil	Serra da Cantareira
Brazil	Serra dos Órgãos
Brazil	Urubici
Paraguay	Estancia Itabó

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 2300 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Scale Unknown/Unrecorded	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality
Residential & commercial development	Commercial & industrial areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Residential & commercial development	Housing & urban areas	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-			non-trivial	recent

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Paraclaravis geoffroyi. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/purple-winged-ground-dove-paraclaravis-geoffroyi on 28/05/2023. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org on 28/05/2023.