Taxonomic note
Pernis ptilorhynchus (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) was previously listed as P. ptilorhyncus.
Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
- | - | - |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2021 | Least Concern | |
2016 | Least Concern | |
2013 | Least Concern | |
2012 | Least Concern | |
2009 | Least Concern | |
2008 | Least Concern | |
2004 | Least Concern | |
2000 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | Medium |
Land mass type | Average mass | - |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 38,200,000 | |
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 22,700,000 | |
Number of locations | - | |
Severely Fragmented | - |
Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
No. of mature individuals | 66666-666666 | poor | suspected | 2009 |
Population trend | Decreasing | suspected | - | |
Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
Number of subpopulations | 6 | - | - | - |
Percentage in largest subpopulation | 1-89 | - | - | - |
Generation length (yrs) | 8.5 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The global population is suspected to number c.100,000-1,000,000 individuals (Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001), while national population estimates include: c.10,000-100,000 breeding pairs and c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration in China; < c.100 breeding pairs, c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration and c.50-1,000 wintering individuals in Taiwan; c.10,000-100,000 breeding pairs and c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration in Korea; c.10,000-100,000 breeding pairs and c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration in Japan and c.10,000-100,000 breeding pairs and c.1,000-10,000 individuals on migration in Russia (Brazil 2009). A global population estimate of 100,000-1,000,000 individuals is roughly equivalent to 66,666 - 666,666 mature individuals.
Trend justification: The population is suspected to be declining due to forest loss across its range. Data from Global Forest Watch (2021) suggests that the rate of forest loss is likely to be <20% over three generations.
Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | U | Extant | ||||
Bangladesh | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Bhutan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Brunei | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Cambodia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
China (mainland) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Egypt | V | Extant | ||||
Hong Kong (China) | V | Extant | ||||
India | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Indonesia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Iran, Islamic Republic of | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Israel | V | Extant | ||||
Japan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Jordan | V | Extant | ||||
Kazakhstan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Kenya | V | Extant | ||||
Kuwait | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Laos | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Macao (China) | V | Extant | ||||
Malaysia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Mongolia | V | Extant | ||||
Myanmar | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Nepal | N | Extant | Yes | |||
North Korea | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Oman | V | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
Pakistan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Philippines | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Russia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Russia (Asian) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Russia (Central Asian) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Saudi Arabia | V | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
Singapore | N | Extant | Yes | |||
South Korea | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Sri Lanka | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Taiwan, China | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Thailand | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Turkey | V | Extant | ||||
United Arab Emirates | N | Extant | Yes | Yes | ||
Uzbekistan | V | Extant | ||||
Vietnam | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Yemen | V | Extant | Yes |
Country/Territory | IBA Name |
---|---|
Indonesia | Telaga Warna-Cibulao |
Indonesia | Bali Barat |
Russia (Central Asian) | Kuznetsky Alatau Zapovednik |
Russia (Central Asian) | Shestakovskiye marshes |
Russia (Asian) | Islands of the Enisey river near Shushenskoye |
Russia (Asian) | Perovo lake |
Kazakhstan | Chokpak Pass |
Taiwan, China | Kenting National Park |
Philippines | Zambales mountains |
Kazakhstan | Big Almaty Gorge |
Malaysia | Tanjung Tuan |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Artificial/Terrestrial | Plantations | suitable | resident |
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | suitable | resident |
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane | suitable | resident |
Forest | Temperate | suitable | breeding |
Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | suitable | passage |
Altitude | 0 - 1800 m | Occasional altitudinal limits | (max) 3000 m |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Negligible declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Energy production & mining | Renewable energy | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | International | Non-trivial | Recent | |
Sport hunting/specimen collecting | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2022) Species factsheet: Pernis ptilorhynchus. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 26/06/2022.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2022) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 26/06/2022.