Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
Brooke, M. de L. 2004. Albatrosses and Petrels Across the World. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | - |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | Least Concern | |
| 2018 | Near Threatened | A2e+3e+4e |
| 2016 | Near Threatened | A2e+3e+4e;B2ab(i,ii,iv,v);D2 |
| 2012 | Near Threatened | A2e+3e+4e;B2ab(i,ii,iv,v);D2 |
| 2010 | Near Threatened | A2e; A3e; A4e; B2a+b(i,ii,iv,v); D2 |
| 2008 | Near Threatened | B2a+b(i,ii,iv,v); D2 |
| 2004 | Near Threatened | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Near Threatened |
| Migratory status | full migrant | Forest dependency | Does not normally occur in forest |
| Land mass type | Average mass | - |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 69,000,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Severely Fragmented | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | medium | suspected | 2004 | |
| Population trend | Unknown | poor | - | |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Percentage in largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 15.6 | - | - | - |
Population justification: Brooke (2004) claimed a population size of 800,000-1,000,000 individuals.
Trend justification: Population trends are unknown for this species. Rats predate on eggs and chicks at peripheral populations, but this may not impact the global population size (S. Oppel in litt. 2019). For example, nesting success is poor (17%) on Henderson Island, where rat eradication attempts have not been successful (Churchyard et al. 2013, Brooke 2019). However, the two largest colonies, on Ducie and Oeno, have been rat-free since 1997, with the latter now increasing in size (Brooke et al. 2018).
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| American Samoa | U | Extant | ||||
| Canada | U | Extant | ||||
| Chile | U | Extant | ||||
| Cook Islands | U | Extant | ||||
| Costa Rica | U | Extant | ||||
| Ecuador | U | Extant | ||||
| French Polynesia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| French Southern Territories | U | Extant | ||||
| Kiribati | U | Extant | ||||
| Mexico | U | Extant | ||||
| Niue (to New Zealand) | U | Extant | ||||
| Peru | U | Extant | ||||
| Pitcairn Islands (to UK) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Samoa | U | Extant | ||||
| St Helena (to UK) | V | Extant | ||||
| Tokelau (to New Zealand) | U | Extant | ||||
| Tonga | U | Extant | ||||
| United States Minor Outlying Islands (to USA) | U | Extant | ||||
| USA | U | Extant |
| Country/Territory | IBA Name |
|---|---|
| French Polynesia | Motu Tehau |
| French Polynesia | Temoe |
| Pitcairn Islands (to UK) | Oeno Island |
| Pitcairn Islands (to UK) | Ducie Island |
| French Polynesia | Apataki, Arutua et Kaukura (Îles Palliser) |
| French Polynesia | Manui, Kamaka, Makaroa |
| French Polynesia | Maria |
| French Polynesia | Ilots rocheux de Rapa et Marotiri |
| French Polynesia | Pentes du mont Hiro de Raivavae |
| French Polynesia | Fangataufa |
| French Polynesia | Morane |
| French Polynesia | Moruroa |
| French Polynesia | Reitoru |
| French Polynesia | Rurutu Island |
| French Polynesia | Tubuai Island |
| French Polynesia | Maturei Vavao |
| French Polynesia | Moruroa |
| French Polynesia | Tekava |
| French Polynesia | Tenarunga |
| French Polynesia | Totegegie |
| Cook Islands | Rarotonga Cloud Forest |
| Cook Islands | Takitumu Conservation Area, Rarotonga |
| Fiji | East Kadavu Passage |
| French Polynesia | Marotiri Marine |
| French Polynesia | Rapa Marine |
| French Polynesia | Fangataufa Marine |
| French Polynesia | Mangareva Marin |
| French Polynesia | Temoe Marin |
| French Polynesia | Morane Marine |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Marine Neritic | Macroalgal/Kelp | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Macroalgal/Kelp | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Pelagic | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Pelagic | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Seagrass (Submerged) | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy-Mud | suitable | breeding |
| Marine Neritic | Subtidal Sandy-Mud | suitable | non-breeding |
| Marine Oceanic | Bathypelagic (1000-4000m) | major | non-breeding |
| Marine Oceanic | Epipelagic (0-200m) | major | breeding |
| Marine Oceanic | Epipelagic (0-200m) | major | non-breeding |
| Marine Oceanic | Mesopelagic (200-1000m) | major | breeding |
| Marine Oceanic | Mesopelagic (200-1000m) | major | non-breeding |
| Shrubland | Temperate | major | breeding |
| Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Climate change & severe weather | Habitat shifting & alteration | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Future | Whole (>90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
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| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Rattus exulans | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2022) Species factsheet: Pterodroma ultima. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 29/11/2022.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2022) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 29/11/2022.
