• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm#.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2020	Least Concern
2016	Near Threatened	A2c+3c+4c
2012	Near Threatened	A2c+3c+4c
2008	Near Threatened	A2c; A3c; A4c
2004	Near Threatened
2000	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1994	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1988	Near Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	high
Land-mass type	Land-mass type - continent	Average mass	49 g

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	754,000	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Value	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Number of mature individuals	30000	poor	estimated	2020
Population trend	decreasing	poor	suspected	2014-2024
Decline % (10 years/3 generations future)	1-9	-	-	-
Decline % (10 years/3 generations past and future)	1-9	-	-	-
Percentage in largest subpopulation	1-89	-	-	-
Generation length (years)	3.3	-	-	-

Population justification: The species is rare and patchily distributed (Stotz et al. 1996). In Colombia, it was found to occur at an average density of 6 individuals/km², equating to 4 mature individuals/km², but it can reach considerably higher densities in mature stands of Podocarpus (Renjifo et al. 2014). Assuming that throughout its range the species occurs at a density of 4 mature individuals/km², and further assuming that about 10% of the mapped range are occupied, the global population would number at least 30,000 mature individuals.

Trend justification: The population trend has not been estimated directly. Forest loss within the range has been low over the last ten years (<2%; Global Forest Watch 2020). However, given the species’s potentially strong association with the selectively logged Podocarpus (Renjifo 1991), it is conceivable that habitat degradation is proceeding at a more rapid pace than forest loss alone. Particularly in the northernmost part of the range, suitable habitat may be lost at a higher rate (M. E. Echeverry-Galvis in litt. 2020). The overall population decline is here tentatively placed in the band 1-9% over ten years.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Colombia	extant	native	yes
Ecuador	extant	native	yes
Peru	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Colombia	Bosques del Oriente de Risaralda
Ecuador	Bosque Protector Colambo-Yacuri
Ecuador	Cordillera de Huacamayos-San Isidro-Sierra Azul
Ecuador	Cordillera de Kutukú
Ecuador	Cordillera del Cóndor
Ecuador	Montañas de Zapote-Najda
Ecuador	Tapichalaca Reserve (Reserva Tapichalaca IBA)
Peru	Cerro Chinguela
Peru	Huamba
Peru	La Cocha
Colombia	Cuenca del Río Toche

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	1700 - 3100 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation
Energy production & mining	Mining & quarrying	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-		international	non-trivial	recent

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Saltator cinctus. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/masked-saltator-saltator-cinctus on 24/09/2023. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org on 24/09/2023.