NT
Manus Dwarf-kingfisher Ceyx dispar



Taxonomy

Taxonomic note

Ceyx lepidus, C. margarethae, C. wallacii, C. cajeli, C. solitarius, C. dispar, C. mulcatus, C. sacerdotis, C. meeki, C. collectoris, C. nigromaxilla and C. gentianus (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) were previously lumped as C. lepidus following Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993).

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

IUCN Red list criteria met and history
Red List criteria met
Critically Endangered Endangered Vulnerable
- - -

Red List history
Year Category Criteria
2022 Near Threatened B1b(ii,iii); C2a(ii)
2016 Near Threatened C2a(ii)
2014 Near Threatened C2a(ii)
Species attributes

Migratory status not a migrant Forest dependency Medium
Land mass type Average mass 19 g
Distribution

Estimate Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) 2,600
Number of locations -
Severely Fragmented -
Population and trend
Value Data quality Derivation Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals 1100-5600, 2500-5000 poor inferred 2022
Population trend Decreasing suspected -
Decline (3 years/1 generation past) - - -
Decline (5 years/1 generation past) - - -
Decline (10 years/1 generation past) - - -
Decline (10 years/3 generation future) - - -
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) - - -
Number of subpopulations 1 - - -
Percentage in largest subpopulation 100 - - -

Population justification: The population size has not been estimated following recent taxonomic splits, but the species occurs at low densities (G. Dutson in litt. 2012) and the overall population is presumed to be moderately small. On neighbouring New Guinea, C. solitarius has been recorded at densities of 10 birds/km2 (Bell 1982). Approximately 1,700 km2 of forest cover remained on Manus in 2021; consequently, assuming a comparable density and an occupancy rate of 10–50%, the population is inferred to be 1,700–8,500 birds, or 1,100–5,600 mature individuals, with a best estimate of 2,500–5,000 mature individuals. Confirmation and clarification on this total is urgently needed.

Trend justification:

The island of Manus is rarely visited by ornithologists, hence a direct population decline has never been elucidated. However, the population is suspected to be slowly declining on the basis of forest loss on the island, the rate of which is estimated at c.2% over the past ten years (data from Global Forest Watch 2022, using Hansen et al. [2013] data and methods disclosed therein).


Country/territory distribution
Country/Territory Occurrence status Presence Resident Breeding Non-breeding Passage
Papua New Guinea N Extant Yes

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)
Country/Territory IBA Name

Habitats & altitude
Habitat (level 1) Habitat (level 2) Importance Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial Plantations suitable resident
Forest Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland major resident
Shrubland Subtropical/Tropical Moist suitable resident
Wetlands (inland) Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls) suitable resident
Altitude 0 - 718 m Occasional altitudinal limits  

Threats & impact
Threat (level 1) Threat (level 2) Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest] Timing Scope Severity Impact
Ongoing Minority (<50%) Slow, Significant Declines Low Impact: 5
Stresses
Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Ceyx dispar. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 29/03/2023. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 29/03/2023.