Taxonomic note
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Dowsett, R. J.; Forbes-Watson, A. D. 1993. Checklist of birds of the Afrotropical and Malagasy regions. Tauraco Press, Li
Sibley, C. G.; Monroe, B. L. 1990. Distribution and taxonomy of birds of the world. Yale University Press, New Haven, USA.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
- | - | - |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2016 | Least Concern | |
2014 | Least Concern | |
2012 | Near Threatened | B1ab(iii) |
2008 | Near Threatened | B1a+b(iii) |
2004 | Near Threatened | |
2000 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
1994 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | Does not normally occur in forest |
Land mass type |
Land-mass type - continent |
Average mass | - |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 194,000 | medium |
Number of locations | - | |
Severely Fragmented | - |
Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
No. of mature individuals | unknown | not applicable | not applicable | 0 |
Population trend | Stable | suspected | - | |
Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
Percentage in largest subpopulation | 100 | - | - | - |
Generation length (yrs) | 3.7 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The population size of this species has not been quantified.
Trend justification: It is expected that some suitable habitat is being lost to the development of salt works and agricultural land, but this may be balanced by other areas becoming favourable for the species (C. Jackson in litt. 2013). Overall, therefore, the population is suspected to be stable in the absence of evidence for any declines or substantial threats.
Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kenya | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Somalia | N | Extant | Yes |
Country/Territory | IBA Name |
---|---|
Kenya | Dakatcha Woodland |
Kenya | Sabaki River Mouth |
Kenya | Tana River Delta |
Kenya | Lower Tana River Forests |
Somalia | Buulobarde |
Somalia | Jowhar - Warshiikh |
Somalia | Aangole - Farbiito |
Somalia | Far Waamo |
Somalia | Laag Badaana |
Kenya | Boni and Dodori National Reserves |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | major | resident |
Grassland | Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded | major | resident |
Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Agriculture & aquaculture | Livestock farming & ranching - Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Natural system modifications | Fire & fire suppression - Supression in fire frequency/intensity | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Future | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2022) Species factsheet: Anthus melindae. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 18/08/2022.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2022) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 18/08/2022.