• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	A2cd+3cd+4cd

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2021	Vulnerable	A2cd+3cd+4cd
2016	Vulnerable	C2a(ii)
2012	Vulnerable	C2a(ii)
2010	Vulnerable	C2a(ii)
2008	Near Threatened	A3c,d; C1; C2a(ii)
2006	Near Threatened
2004	Near Threatened
2000	Lower Risk/Near Threatened
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type	shelf island	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	268,000 km2	medium
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	2500-9999 mature individuals	medium	suspected	2010
Population trend	decreasing	poor	inferred	2010-2024
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods)	30-49%	-	-	-
Generation length	4.5 years	-	-	-

Population justification: The total population was previously estimated at 1,800-7,500 individuals (F. Hawkins in litt. 2002). However, the population size is likely to lie in the upper end of this estimate (R. Safford pers. comm. 2010), hence the population is suspected to fall in the band 2,500-9,999 mature individuals.

Trend justification: The population is inferred to be declining owing to wetland modification and hunting pressures. Kull (2012) estimated that between 1950-1994, 60% of wetlands were lost in Madagascar, roughly equating to a loss rate of 25% over three generations (13.5 years [Bird et al. 2020]). Additionally, this species is threatened by hunting; therefore the overall rate of decline is suspected to fall in the band of 30-49% over three generations. There is no evidence of these threats ceasing, so the rate of decline is suspected to continue into the future.

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Madagascar	extant	native	yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Madagascar	Tsaratanana Strict Nature Reserve and extension
Madagascar	Lake Alaotra NPA
Madagascar	Didy and Ivondro wetlands
Madagascar	Torotorofotsy Wetlands
Madagascar	Mantadia National Park and Analamazaotra Special Reserve
Madagascar	Anjozorobe Forest
Madagascar	Lake Itasy
Madagascar	Ranomafana National Park and extension
Madagascar	Vondrozo Classified Forest NPA
Madagascar	Kalambatritra Special Reserve
Madagascar	Midongy South National Park

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Ponds (below 8ha)	suitable	resident
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Seasonally Flooded Agricultural Land	suitable	resident
Artificial/Aquatic & Marine	Artificial/Aquatic - Water Storage Areas (over 8ha)	suitable	resident
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable Land	suitable	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Bogs, Marshes, Swamps, Fens, Peatlands	major	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	suitable	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 2700 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Low Impact: 5
		Stresses Species mortality

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Food - human	-	-			non-trivial	recent

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Gallinago macrodactyla. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/madagascar-snipe-gallinago-macrodactyla on 03/12/2023.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org on 03/12/2023.