• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Climate Change maps
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
AERC TAC. 2003. AERC TAC Checklist of bird taxa occurring in Western Palearctic region, 15th Draft. Available at: #http://www.aerc.eu/DOCS/Bird_taxa_of _the_WP15.xls#.
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm#.
Turbott, E.G. 1990. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand. Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Wellington.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2018	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	does not normally occur in forest
Land-mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident)	163,000,000 km2
Extent of Occurrence (non-breeding)	168,000,000 km2
Severely fragmented?	no	-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
Population size	unknown	poor	estimated	2009
Population trend	increasing	-	suspected	-
Generation length	11.3 years	-	-	-

Population justification: The population is estimated to number 3,300,000-4,300,000 individuals.

Trend justification: The overall population trend is increasing, although some populations have unknown trends (Delany and Scott 2006).

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding visitor	Non-breeding visitor	Passage migrant
Angola	extant	native	yes
Antarctica	extant	native		yes
Argentina	extant	native	yes
Australia	extant	native		yes
Barbados	extant	native	yes
Bouvet Island (to Norway)	extant	native	yes
Brazil	extant	native	yes
Chile	extant	native		yes
Ecuador	extant	native	yes
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	extant	native	yes
French Southern Territories	extant	native	yes
Gabon	extant	native	yes
Heard Island and McDonald Islands (to Australia)	extant	native	yes
Madagascar	extant	native	yes
Mauritania	extant	vagrant			yes
Mexico	extant	native	yes
Mozambique	extant	native	yes
Namibia	extant	native		yes
New Zealand	extant	native		yes
Panama	extant	vagrant			yes
Peru	extant	native	yes
Senegal	extant	native	yes
Seychelles	extant	vagrant			yes
South Africa	extant	native		yes
South Georgia & the South Sandwich Islands	extant	native	yes
St Helena (to UK)	extant	vagrant			yes
Trinidad and Tobago	extant	vagrant			yes
Uruguay	extant	native		yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Namibia	Cape Cross lagoon
Namibia	Namib-Naukluft Park
Namibia	Mile 4 saltworks
Namibia	30-Kilometre Beach: Walvis - Swakopmund
Namibia	Walvis Bay
Namibia	Sandwich Harbour
Namibia	Lüderitz Bay islands
Namibia	Possession Island
Namibia	Sperrgebiet
South Africa	Orange River Mouth Wetlands
South Africa	Algoa Bay Islands: Addo Elephant National Park
South Africa	Swartkops Estuary - Redhouse and Chatty Saltpans
South Africa	Berg River Estuary
South Africa	West Coast National Park and Saldanha Bay islands
South Africa	Dassen Island
South Africa	Rietvlei Wetland: Table Bay Nature Reserve
South Africa	False Bay Nature Reserve
South Africa	Dyer Island Nature Reserve
South Africa	Agulhas Plain - Heuningnes Estuary
South Africa	Prince Edward Islands Special Nature Reserve
Argentina	Comodoro Rivadavia
Chile	Islotes Pajaros
Chile	Isla Magdalena National Park
Antarctica	Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island
Argentina	Península Valdés, Punta León y Punta Loma
Argentina	Complejo Islote Lobos - Punta Pozos
Argentina	Punta Tombo

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Marine Coastal/Supratidal	Sea Cliffs and Rocky Offshore Islands	major	breeding
Marine Intertidal	Rocky Shoreline	suitable	resident
Marine Intertidal	Sandy Shoreline and/or Beaches, Sand Bars, Spits, Etc	suitable	resident
Marine Intertidal	Shingle and/or Pebble Shoreline and/or Beaches	suitable	resident
Marine Intertidal	Tidepools	suitable	resident
Marine Neritic	Macroalgal/Kelp	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Pelagic	suitable	resident
Marine Neritic	Seagrass (Submerged)	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy-Mud	major	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)	suitable	resident
Altitude		Occasional altitudinal limits

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-		international	non-trivial	recent
Sport hunting/specimen collecting	-	-			non-trivial	recent

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Larus dominicanus. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/kelp-gull-larus-dominicanus on 04/12/2023.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org on 04/12/2023.