Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
- | - | C2a(ii) |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2018 | Vulnerable | C2a(ii) |
2016 | Vulnerable | A2cde+3cde+4cde;C2a(ii) |
2012 | Vulnerable | A2cde+3cde+4cde;C2a(ii) |
2010 | Vulnerable | A2c,d,e; A3c,d,e; A4c,d,e; C2a(ii) |
2008 | Vulnerable | A2d,e; A3d,e; A4d,e; C2a(ii) |
2007 | Vulnerable | |
2005 | Vulnerable | |
2004 | Vulnerable | |
2000 | Vulnerable | |
1996 | Vulnerable | |
1994 | Vulnerable | |
1988 | Threatened |
Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | Does not normally occur in forest |
Land mass type |
Land-mass type - shelf island |
Average mass | - |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 1,310,000 | medium |
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2) | 2,580,000 | medium |
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 110 | medium |
Number of locations | 11-100 | - |
Severely Fragmented | - |
Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
No. of mature individuals | 5200-9400 | medium | estimated | 2000 |
Population trend | Decreasing | poor | suspected | - |
Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | - | - | - | |
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | - | - | - | |
Number of subpopulations | 1 | - | - | - |
Percentage in largest subpopulation | 100 | - | - | - |
Generation length (yrs) | 12.1 | - | - | - |
Population justification: By 2015, 38 colonies (current and historical) were reported, with a total estimated population of 2,600-4,700 pairs (Otsuki and Nakamura 2016), equating to around 5,200-9,400 mature individuals. National population sizes have been estimated at <100 breeding pairs and c.50-1,000 individuals on migration in Korea and c.100-10,000 breeding pairs and c.50-1,000 wintering individuals in Japan (Brazil 2009).
Trend justification: Populations are thought to be declining rapidly through the combined impact of bycatch mortality and predation by invasive species.
Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Japan | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Russia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Russia (Asian) | N | Extant | Yes | |||
South Korea | N | Extant | Yes | |||
Taiwan, China | V | Extant | Yes |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Marine Coastal/Supratidal | Sea Cliffs and Rocky Offshore Islands | major | breeding |
Marine Neritic | Pelagic | suitable | resident |
Marine Oceanic | Epipelagic (0-200m) | suitable | non-breeding |
Altitude | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biological resource use | Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Biological resource use | Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 7 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Past, Unlikely to Return | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Past Impact | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Felis catus | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Rattus rattus | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Pollution | Industrial & military effluents - Oil spills | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food - human | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Synthliboramphus wumizusume. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 08/02/2023.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 08/02/2023.