• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Climate Change maps
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	C2a(i)

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2021	Near Threatened	C2a(i)
2016	Vulnerable	C2a(i)
2014	Vulnerable	C2a(i)
2012	Vulnerable	C2a(i)
2008	Vulnerable	C2a(i)
2004	Vulnerable
2000	Vulnerable
1996	Vulnerable
1994	Vulnerable
1988	Threatened

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	High
Land mass type	Land-mass type - continent	Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	522,000	medium
Number of locations		-
Severely Fragmented		-

	Value	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals	2500-9999	medium	suspected	2000
Population trend	Decreasing	medium	inferred	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)	1-10	-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)	1-10	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations	8	-	-	-
Percentage in largest subpopulation	1-89	-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	5.07	-	-	-

Population justification: The total population is almost certainly less than 10,000 mature individuals (C. Bowden in litt. 1999; R. Fotso in litt. 1999; H. Thompson in litt. 2000). The suspected population size is therefore placed in the band 2,500-9,999 mature individuals.

Trend justification: This species is inferred to be declining overall. It has very specific habitat requirements (Atuo et al. 2016), and is experiencing continued habitat loss and degradation (Global Forest Watch 2020; Atuo et al. 2016) in addition to hunting pressure and disturbance (Atuo et al. 2016; Odiwumi & Abatcha 2018). The likely rate of decline has not been directly quantified, but is suspected to fall in the band of 1-10%.

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Presence	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Cameroon	N	Extant	Yes
Central African Republic	N	Extant	Yes
Congo	N	Extant	Yes
Equatorial Guinea	N	Extant	Yes
Gabon	N	Extant	Yes
Nigeria	N	Extant	Yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Cameroon	Banyang Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary
Cameroon	Korup National Park
Cameroon	Mont Manengouba
Cameroon	Bakossi mountains
Cameroon	Mont Nlonako
Cameroon	Mount Rata and Rumpi Hills Forest Reserve
Cameroon	Mount Kupe
Cameroon	Yabassi
Cameroon	Mount Cameroon and Mokoko-Onge
Cameroon	Mbam Minkom - Kala
Cameroon	Dja Faunal Reserve
Cameroon	Boumba - Bek
Cameroon	Campo Ma'an complex
Gabon	Gamba Protected Areas Complex
Gabon	Lopé Faunal Reserve
Equatorial Guinea	Luba Caldera Scientific Reserve
Equatorial Guinea	Monte Alen National Park
Equatorial Guinea	Nsork Highlands National Park
Nigeria	Afi River Forest Reserve
Nigeria	Cross River National Park (Oban Division)
Nigeria	Cross River National Park (Okwangwo Division) and Mbe Mountains
Nigeria	Ebok-Kabaken

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Wetlands (inland)	Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls)	major	resident
Altitude	45 - 2100 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Shifting agriculture	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species disturbance, Species mortality
Biological resource use	Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Unintentional effects (species is not the target)	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species disturbance, Species mortality
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Human intrusions & disturbance	Recreational activities	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species disturbance
Human intrusions & disturbance	Work & other activities	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Species disturbance
Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases	Problematic native species/diseases	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Unknown		Unknown
		Stresses Reduced reproductive success

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-		International	Non-trivial	Recent

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Picathartes oreas. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 26/03/2023. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 26/03/2023.