• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic note
Malacoptila striata and M. minor (del Hoyo and Collar 2014) were previously lumped as M. striata following Sibley and Monroe (1990, 1993).

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2020	Least Concern
2016	Near Threatened	A2c+3c+4c
2014	Near Threatened	A2c+3c+4c

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	Medium
Land mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	1,090,000	medium
Number of locations		-
Severely Fragmented		-

	Value	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals	72000 - 129000	poor	suspected	2020
Population trend	Decreasing		inferred	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)	1-10	-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)	1-10	-	-	-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Percentage in largest subpopulation	1-89	-	-	-

Population justification: The species's population size and population density have not been directly estimated, but the species has been described as reasonably common (D. Lima in litt. 2020). Based on the minimum and first quartile population densities of congeners (0.65 and 1.5 individuals per km², respectively), the area of forest with at least 30% canopy cover within the species's mapped range in 2010 (289,000 km²; Global Forest Watch 2020), and assuming that between 25% and 45% of the area of forest is occupied, the population size is suspected to be between the range 107,000 - 193,000 individuals, which roughly equates to 72,000 - 129,000 mature individuals.

Trend justification:

Data from Global Forest Watch indicates ongoing deforestation within the species's range (Global Forest Watch 2020). Although the species is tolerant of modified habitats, it is assumed that the ongoing deforestation is affecting the species's population size and the population size is inferred to be undergoing a continuing decline.

Based on data from Global Forest Watch, 7.5% of tree cover with at least 30% canopy cover within the species's range was lost over ten years from 2009-2019 (Global Forest Watch 2020). The species is tolerant of modified habitats and a detailed analysis of forest loss data within a municipality in the Atlantic Forest region has indicated that less than 30% of the area classified as forest loss was correctly classified (Andreacci & Marenzi 2020). The species is suspected to have undergone a population reduction of 1-8% over the past ten years. 

From 2010-2019, the year with the largest amount of tree cover loss within the species's range was 2017, with 3,130 km² of tree cover loss (Global Forest Watch 2020). If this amount of loss were  to continue over ten years, it would result in 10% tree cover loss over the period. Taking this rate of loss as a worst-case estimate, the species is suspected to undergo a population reduction of 1-10% over the next ten years.

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Presence	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Brazil	N	Extant	Yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Brazil	Baixo-Sul
Brazil	Boa Nova / Serra da Ouricana
Brazil	Serras das Lontras e do Javi
Brazil	Sooretama / Linhares
Brazil	Santa Teresa
Brazil	Guaraqueçaba / Jacupiranga / Cananéia
Brazil	Serra do Marumbi
Brazil	Área de Proteção Ambiental de Guaratuba
Brazil	Parque Nacional de Itatiaia
Brazil	Serra dos Órgãos
Brazil	Serra do Tinguá
Brazil	Maciços da Tijuca e Pedra Branca
Brazil	Serra da Bocaina / Paraty / Angra dos Reis
Brazil	Região de Blumenau
Brazil	Serra do Tabuleiro State Park
Brazil	Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar (entre Caraguatatuba e Picinguaba)
Brazil	Serra da Cantareira
Brazil	Maciço Florestal de Paranapiacaba
Brazil	Estação Ecológica de Juréia-Itatins
Brazil	São Francisco Xavier / Monte Verde

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest	suitable	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland	major	resident
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane	major	resident
Altitude	0 - 2100 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Agriculture & aquaculture	Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Agriculture & aquaculture	Livestock farming & ranching - Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Biological resource use	Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest]	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion
Transportation & service corridors	Roads & railroads	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Majority (50-90%)		Slow, Significant Declines		Medium Impact: 6
		Stresses Ecosystem degradation, Ecosystem conversion

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2021) Species factsheet: Malacoptila striata. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 03/12/2021. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2021) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 03/12/2021.