• Summary
• Text account
• Data table and detailed info
• Distribution map
• Reference and further resources

Taxonomic source(s)
Christidis, L. and Boles, W.E. 2008. Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Australia.
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm#.
Turbott, E.G. 1990. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand. Ornithological Society of New Zealand, Wellington.

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2018	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1988	Lower Risk/Least Concern

Migratory status	not a migrant	Forest dependency	Low
Land mass type		Average mass	-

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	126,000,000	medium
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2)	170,000,000	medium
Number of locations		-
Fragmentation		-

	Estimate	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals		poor	estimated	2009
Population trend	Decreasing		suspected	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)		-	-	-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Largest subpopulations		-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	15.2	-	-	-

Trend justification: The population is suspected to be in decline owing to climate change and human disturbance.

Country/Territory	Occurrence status	Presence	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
American Samoa	N	Extant	Yes
Aruba (to Netherlands)	N	Extant			Yes
Australia	N	Extant	Yes
Brazil	N	Extant	Yes
British Indian Ocean Territory	N	Extant	Yes
Brunei	N	Extant	Yes
Cambodia	U	Extant
Chile	N	Extant	Yes
China (mainland)	N	Extant	Yes
Christmas Island (to Australia)	N	Extant	Yes
Cocos (Keeling) Islands (to Australia)	N	Extant		Yes
Colombia	N	Extant	Yes
Comoros	N	Extant	Yes
Cook Islands	U	Extant
Costa Rica	N	Extant	Yes
Ecuador	N	Extant	Yes
El Salvador	U	Extant
Fiji	N	Extant			Yes
French Polynesia	N	Extant	Yes
French Southern Territories	U	Extant
Guam (to USA)	N	Extant			Yes
Guatemala	U	Extant
India	N	Extant	Yes
Indonesia	N	Extant	Yes
Japan	N	Extant	Yes
Kenya	N	Extant	Yes
Kiribati	U	Extant
Madagascar	N	Extant	Yes
Malaysia	N	Extant	Yes
Maldives	N	Extant	Yes
Marshall Islands	N	Extant		Yes
Mauritius	V	Extant			Yes
Mayotte (to France)	N	Extant	Yes
Mexico	N	Extant	Yes
Micronesia, Federated States of	N	Extant		Yes
Mozambique	N	Extant	Yes
Nauru	N	Extant			Yes
New Caledonia (to France)	N	Extant	Yes
New Zealand	V	Extant			Yes
Nicaragua	U	Extant
Niue (to New Zealand)	U	Extant
Northern Mariana Islands (to USA)	N	Extant		Yes
Oman	V	Extant			Yes
Palau	N	Extant		Yes
Panama	V	Extant			Yes
Papua New Guinea	U	Extant
Philippines	N	Extant	Yes
Pitcairn Islands (to UK)	U	Extant
Réunion (to France)	N	Extant		Yes
Samoa	U	Extant
Seychelles	N	Extant		Yes
Solomon Islands	N	Extant	Yes
Somalia	N	Extant	Yes
South Africa	N	Extant	Yes
Sri Lanka	N	Extant	Yes
St Helena (to UK)	U	Extant
Taiwan, China	N	Extant	Yes
Tanzania	N	Extant	Yes
Thailand	N	Extant	Yes
Timor-Leste	N	Extant			Yes
Tokelau (to New Zealand)	U	Extant
Tonga	N	Extant
Tuvalu	U	Extant
United States Minor Outlying Islands (to USA)	N	Extant			Yes
USA	N	Extant		Yes
Vanuatu	N	Extant	Yes
Vietnam	U	Extant
Wallis and Futuna Islands (to France)	N	Extant	Yes
Zimbabwe	V	Extant			Yes

Country/Territory	IBA Name
Chile	Isla Sala y Gómez
Christmas Island (to Australia)	Christmas Island
Indonesia	Pulau Manuk
Kiribati	Kiritimati (Christmas Island) Marine
Kiribati	Malden Island
Kiribati	Malden Island Marine
Kiribati	Millenium (Caroline) Island
Kiribati	Millenium (Caroline) Island Marine
Kiribati	Vostok Island
Kiribati	Vostok Island Marine
Marshall Islands	Bokak Atoll
Marshall Islands	Bokak Atoll Marine
Seychelles	Aldabra Special Reserve
USA	Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Forest	Subtropical/Tropical Mangrove Vegetation Above High Tide Level	suitable	breeding
Marine Neritic	Macroalgal/Kelp	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Pelagic	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Seagrass (Submerged)	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Loose Rock/pebble/gravel	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Rock and Rocky Reefs	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy	major	resident
Marine Neritic	Subtidal Sandy-Mud	major	resident
Marine Oceanic	Epipelagic (0-200m)	major	resident
Marine Oceanic	Mesopelagic (200-1000m)	major	resident
Shrubland	Subtropical/Tropical Dry	suitable	breeding
Altitude	0 - 150 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Threat (level 1)	Threat (level 2)	Impact and Stresses
Climate change & severe weather	Temperature extremes	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Indirect ecosystem effects, Reduced reproductive success
Human intrusions & disturbance	Recreational activities	Timing		Scope		Severity		Impact
		Ongoing		Minority (<50%)		Negligible declines		Low Impact: 4
		Stresses Species disturbance, Reduced reproductive success

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-		International	Non-trivial	Recent
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-		International	Non-trivial	Recent

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Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2019) Species factsheet: Fregata minor. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 22/11/2019. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2019) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 22/11/2019.