Data Zone
Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
SACC. 2005 and updates. A classification of the bird species of South America. Available at: #http://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm#.
| Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
|---|---|---|
| - | - | A2cd+3cd+4cd |
| Year | Category | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | Vulnerable | A2cd+3cd+4cd |
| 2016 | Vulnerable | A2cd+3cd+4cd |
| 2012 | Vulnerable | A2cd+3cd+4cd |
| 2009 | Vulnerable | A2c,d; A3c,d; A4c,d |
| 2008 | Near Threatened | |
| 2004 | Near Threatened | |
| 2000 | Lower Risk/Near Threatened | |
| 1994 | Lower Risk/Least Concern | |
| 1988 | Lower Risk/Least Concern |
| Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | High |
| Land mass type |
Land-mass type - continent |
Average mass | 4133 g |
| Estimate | Data quality | |
|---|---|---|
| Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2) | 3,060,000 | medium |
| Number of locations | - | |
| Severely Fragmented | - |
| Value | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of mature individuals | 40000-50000 | medium | estimated | 2020 |
| Population trend | Decreasing | poor | inferred | - |
| Decline (3 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (5 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/1 generation past) | - | - | - | |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation future) | 30-49 | - | - | - |
| Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future) | 30-49 | - | - | - |
| Number of subpopulations | - | - | - | |
| Percentage in largest subpopulation | - | - | - | |
| Generation length (yrs) | 8.39 | - | - | - |
Population justification: The population size is estimated at 50,000-499,999 by Partners in Flight (2019), however previous estimates placed the number of mature individuals between 6,700-40,000 (O. Jahn in litt. 2009). It is here therefore tentatively assumed that the population size is ~50,000 mature individuals; however further confirmation of this estimate is required.
Trend justification: This species is suspected have undergone rapid declines during the past three generations (25 years) owing to hunting pressure and habitat loss and fragmentation, and these declines are predicted to continue. Forest decline throughout its range has been extensive during the past 25 years with over 12% of forest areas lost throughout the period (Tracewski et al. 2016). Subspecies griscomi is similarly declining throughout its range on Cozumel Island under continued increasing pressure (Caballero and Martínez-Morales 2006).
| Country/Territory | Occurrence status | Presence | Resident | Breeding | Non-breeding | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belize | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Colombia | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Costa Rica | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Ecuador | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| El Salvador | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Guatemala | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Honduras | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Mexico | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Nicaragua | N | Extant | Yes | |||
| Panama | N | Extant | Yes |
| Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Plantations | marginal | resident |
| Artificial/Terrestrial | Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest | marginal | resident |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Dry | marginal | resident |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | major | resident |
| Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane | marginal | resident |
| Altitude | 0 - 1900 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
| Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
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| Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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| Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
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| Climate change & severe weather | Storms & flooding | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Future | Minority (<50%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
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| Invasive and other problematic species, genes & diseases | Invasive non-native/alien species/diseases - Unspecified species | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Future | Minority (<50%) | Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
|
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| Natural system modifications | Fire & fire suppression - Increase in fire frequency/intensity | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Past, Unlikely to Return | Minority (<50%) | Unknown | Past Impact | ||||||
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| Transportation & service corridors | Roads & railroads | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
| Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
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| Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food - human | - | - | Non-trivial | Recent | ||
| Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | International | Non-trivial | Recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2022) Species factsheet: Crax rubra. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 16/05/2022.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2022) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
http://www.birdlife.org on 16/05/2022.
