Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A. and Fishpool, L.D.C. 2014. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines. Lynx Edicions BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Critically Endangered | Endangered | Vulnerable |
---|---|---|
- | - | A2acd+3cd+4acd |
Year | Category | Criteria |
---|---|---|
2020 | Vulnerable | A2acd+3cd+4acd |
2016 | Near Threatened | A2cd+3cd+4cd |
2013 | Near Threatened | A2cd+3cd+4cd |
2012 | Near Threatened | A2cd+3cd+4cd |
Migratory status | not a migrant | Forest dependency | high |
Land-mass type | Average mass | - |
Estimate | Data quality | |
---|---|---|
Extent of Occurrence (breeding/resident) | 3,430,000 km2 | medium |
Severely fragmented? | no | - |
Estimate | Data quality | Derivation | Year of estimate | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Population size | unknown | poor | estimated | - |
Population trend | decreasing | poor | suspected | 2001-2025 |
Rate of change over the past 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 30-49% | - | - | - |
Rate of change over the future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 30-49% | - | - | - |
Rate of change over the past & future 10 years/3 generations (longer of the two periods) | 30-49% | - | - | - |
Generation length | 7.9 years | - | - | - |
Percentage of mature individuals in largest subpopulation | 1-89% | - | - | - |
Population justification: The total population has been estimated to number more than 100,000 individuals, based on available habitat, but it is undergoing a steep decline in most of the range, especially Sumatra (McGowan and Kirwan 2020) but also southern Thailand (Dawrueng et al. 2017), and the current population size is likely to be smaller. Previously known from more than 130 sites across the Sundaic lowlands (McGowan et al. 1998), it is certainly very scarce now at a number of these, such as Way Kambas National Park, and likely to be absent from some. In Indonesia, it is only considered secure in reserves and well-managed forests (McGowan and Kirwan 2020).
Trend justification: There are no data on population trends; however, the species is suspected to be in decline at a moderately rapid rate, owing to hunting and habitat loss.
Country/Territory | Presence | Origin | Resident | Breeding visitor | Non-breeding visitor | Passage migrant |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brunei | extant | native | yes | |||
Indonesia | extant | native | yes | |||
Malaysia | extant | native | yes | |||
Myanmar | extant | native | yes | |||
Singapore | extinct | native | yes | |||
Thailand | extant | native | yes |
Country/Territory | IBA Name |
---|---|
Malaysia | Krau Wildlife Reserve |
Malaysia | Lanjak Entimau Wildlife Sanctuary |
Thailand | Thaleban |
Thailand | Khao Nor Chuchi |
Thailand | Khao Luang |
Thailand | Hala Sector, Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary and Bang Lang National Park |
Thailand | Khao Banthad |
Thailand | Bala Sector, Hala-Bala Wildlife Sanctuary |
Thailand | Bu Do - Sungai Padi |
Malaysia | Tawau Hills Park |
Malaysia | Taman Negara National Park |
Malaysia | Tabin Wildlife Reserve |
Malaysia | Pondok Tanjung Forest Reserve |
Malaysia | Danum Valley Conservation Area |
Malaysia | Crocker Range |
Malaysia | Belum-Temenggor |
Malaysia | Maliau Basin Conservation Area |
Malaysia | Panti forest |
Malaysia | Mount Kinabalu |
Malaysia | Mulu - Buda Protected Area |
Indonesia | Sangkulirang |
Malaysia | Ulu Muda |
Malaysia | Bintang Range |
Malaysia | Endau-Rompin |
Malaysia | Selangor Heritage Park |
Malaysia | Kabili-Sepilok |
Malaysia | Kinabatangan floodplain |
Malaysia | Nakawan Range |
Habitat (level 1) | Habitat (level 2) | Importance | Occurrence |
---|---|---|---|
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland | major | resident |
Forest | Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane | suitable | resident |
Altitude | 0 - 1500 m | Occasional altitudinal limits |
Threat (level 1) | Threat (level 2) | Impact and Stresses | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Agro-industry farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Rapid Declines | Medium Impact: 7 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Agriculture & aquaculture | Annual & perennial non-timber crops - Small-holder farming | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Biological resource use | Hunting & trapping terrestrial animals - Intentional use (species is the target) | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (large scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Majority (50-90%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Medium Impact: 6 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Biological resource use | Logging & wood harvesting - Unintentional effects: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest] | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Ongoing | Minority (<50%) | Slow, Significant Declines | Low Impact: 5 | ||||||
|
|||||||||
Climate change & severe weather | Droughts | Timing | Scope | Severity | Impact | ||||
Past, Likely to Return | Majority (50-90%) | Negligible declines | Past Impact | ||||||
|
Purpose | Primary form used | Life stage used | Source | Scale | Level | Timing |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food - human | - | - | non-trivial | recent | ||
Pets/display animals, horticulture | - | - | international | non-trivial | recent |
Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2024) Species factsheet: Argusianus argus. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/great-argus-argusianus-argus on 19/03/2024.
Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2024) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from
https://datazone.birdlife.org on 19/03/2024.