Eurasian Bullfinch (Pyrrhula pyrrhula) - BirdLife species factsheet

Eurasian Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula

Current view: Data table and detailed info

Taxonomy

Taxonomic source(s)
del Hoyo, J., Collar, N.J., Christie, D.A., Elliott, A., Fishpool, L.D.C., Boesman, P. and Kirwan, G.M. 2016. HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 2: Passerines. Lynx Edicions and BirdLife International, Barcelona, Spain and Cambridge, UK.
Ramos, J. A. 1993. Status and ecology of the Priolo or Azores Bullfinch. Thesis. Ph.D., Oxford, UK:University of Oxford.

IUCN Red list criteria met and history

Red List criteria met

Critically Endangered	Endangered	Vulnerable
-	-	-

Red List history

Year	Category	Criteria
2018	Least Concern
2016	Least Concern
2012	Least Concern
2009	Least Concern
2008	Least Concern
2004	Least Concern
2000	Lower Risk/Least Concern
1994	Not Recognised
1988	Not Recognised

Species attributes

Migratory status	full migrant	Forest dependency	low
Land mass type		Average mass	27 g

Distribution

	Estimate	Data quality
Extent of Occurrence breeding/resident (km2)	37,600,000	medium
Extent of Occurrence non-breeding (km2)	40,600,000	medium
Number of locations		-
Severely Fragmented		-

Population and trend

	Value	Data quality	Derivation	Year of estimate
No. of mature individuals	35000000-69999999	poor	estimated	2012
Population trend	decreasing		suspected	-
Decline (3 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (5 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/1 generation past)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation future)		-	-	-
Decline (10 years/3 generation past and future)		-	-	-
Number of subpopulations		-	-	-
Percentage in largest subpopulation		-	-	-
Generation length (yrs)	4.8	-	-	-

Population justification: In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number 7,650,000-13,000,000 pairs, which equates to 15,300,000-26,100,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). Europe forms c.40% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 38,250,000-65,250,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed.

Trend justification: In Europe, trends between 1980 and 2013 show that populations have undergone a moderate decline (EBCC 2015).

Country/territory distribution

Country/Territory	Presence	Origin	Resident	Breeding	Non-breeding	Passage
Albania	extant	native		yes
Algeria	extant	vagrant
Andorra	extant	native	yes
Armenia	extant	native		yes
Austria	extant	native	yes
Azerbaijan	extant	native	yes
Belarus	extant	native	yes
Belgium	extant	native	yes
Bosnia and Herzegovina	extant	native		yes
Bulgaria	extant	native	yes
China (mainland)	extant	native		yes
Croatia	extant	native	yes
Czechia	extant	native	yes
Denmark	extant	native	yes			yes
Estonia	extant	native	yes
Faroe Islands (to Denmark)	extant	native			yes
Finland	extant	native	yes			yes
France	extant	native	yes
Georgia	extant	native		yes
Germany	extant	native		yes		yes
Gibraltar (to UK)	extant	vagrant
Greece	extant	native	yes
Hungary	extant	native	yes
Iceland	extant	vagrant
Iran, Islamic Republic of	extant	native	yes
Ireland	extant	native	yes
Italy	extant	native	yes			yes
Japan	extant	native		yes
Kazakhstan	extant	native		yes
Kyrgyzstan	extant	native			yes
Latvia	extant	native	yes
Liechtenstein	extant	native	yes
Lithuania	extant	native	yes
Luxembourg	extant	native	yes
Malta	extant	vagrant
Mongolia	extant	native		yes
Montenegro	extant	native		yes
Morocco	extant	vagrant
Netherlands	extant	native	yes
North Korea	extant	native		yes
North Macedonia	extant	native	yes
Norway	extant	native		yes
Poland	extant	native		yes
Portugal	extant	native	yes
Romania	extant	native	yes
Russia	extant	native	yes	yes
Russia (Asian)	extant	native		yes
Russia (Central Asian)	extant	native	yes
Russia (European)	extant	native	yes
Serbia	extant	native		yes
Slovakia	extant	native	yes
Slovenia	extant	native	yes
South Korea	extant	native
Spain	extant	native	yes
Sweden	extant	native	yes
Switzerland	extant	native	yes
Tunisia	extant	vagrant
Turkey	extant	native	yes
Ukraine	extant	native	yes			yes
United Kingdom	extant	native	yes
USA	extant	vagrant
Uzbekistan	extant	native

Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas (IBA)

Country/Territory	IBA Name

Habitats & altitude

Habitat (level 1)	Habitat (level 2)	Importance	Occurrence
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable Land	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Arable Land	suitable	breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Pastureland	suitable	breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Rural Gardens	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Rural Gardens	suitable	breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Urban Areas	suitable	non-breeding
Artificial/Terrestrial	Urban Areas	suitable	breeding
Forest	Temperate	suitable	non-breeding
Forest	Temperate	suitable	breeding
Shrubland	Temperate	suitable	non-breeding
Shrubland	Temperate	suitable	breeding
Altitude	1000 - 2500 m	Occasional altitudinal limits

Utilisation

Purpose	Primary form used	Life stage used	Source	Scale	Level	Timing
Food - human	-	-	-		non-trivial	recent
Food - human	-	-			non-trivial	recent
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-	-	international	non-trivial	recent
Pets/display animals, horticulture	-	-		international	non-trivial	recent

Recommended citation
BirdLife International (2023) Species factsheet: Pyrrhula pyrrhula. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/eurasian-bullfinch-pyrrhula-pyrrhula on 08/06/2023. Recommended citation for factsheets for more than one species: BirdLife International (2023) IUCN Red List for birds. Downloaded from http://datazone.birdlife.org on 08/06/2023.